青蟹呼肠孤病毒对拟穴青蟹的致病性研究

采用静水法研究不同浓度番石榴水提取物(guava leaf water-extract，GLWE)对带毒拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)的成活率及在GLWE质量浓度分别为0 (C0，对照组)、10 mg·L^–1(C10组)、20 mg·L^–1(C20组)、40 mg·L^–1(C40组)、80 mg·L^–1(C80组)，用药时间分别为0 h、12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h的条件下对其血清中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶(LZM)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、酚氧化酶(PO)和一氧化氮合成酶(TNOS、iNOS)活力的影响，并初步探究GLWE的适宜用药浓度范围。结果表明，实验15 d，各处理组青蟹的成活率随着GLWE浓度的增高呈先升后降的现象且与C0组差异显著(P<0.05)，其中C40组的成活率最高(55.56%)，C0组的成活率最低(22.22%)。用药12 h，C80组的AKP、CAT、PO、iNOS活力均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)；用药24 h，C20和C40组的SOD、LZM及C40组的ACP、CAT和PO活力均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)；用药48 h，C10、C20组的CAT活力及C40、C80组的TNOS和iNOS活力均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)；用药72 h，各处理组的AKP活力均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)，但C40、C80组的ACP和CAT活力显著低于C0组(P<0.05)。该条件下，10~40 mg·L^–1的GLWE可在48 h内显著促进拟穴青蟹血清AKP、ACP、SOD、CAT、PO、NOS、LZM活力的升高，其中以20~40 mg·L^–1GLWE的效果最优。

Development of an RT-PCR detection method for mud crab reovirus

We investigated the effects of different concentrations of guava leaf water-extract (GLWE) on the survival rate of Scylla paramamosain carrying virus and its influence on alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), lysozyme (LZM), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), phenol oxidase (PO), total nitric oxide synthase (TNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) at different GLWE mass concentrations of 0 (Group C0, control group), 10 mg·L^–1(Group C10), 20 mg·L^–1(Group C20), 40 mg·L^–1(Group C40), 80 mg·L^–1(Group C80) on 0^th, 12^th, 24^th, 48^th, 72^nd hour, so as to study the suitable drug concentration for GLWE. The results show that the survival rate of S.paramamosain increased at first and then decreased with increasing concentration of GLWE, which was significantly different with Group C0 after 15 d (P<0.05). The survival rate of Group C40 was the highest (55.56%), but the survival rate of Group C0 was the lowest (22.22%). The activities of AKP, CAT, PO and iNOS in Group C80 were significantly higher than those in Group C0 on 12^th hour (P<0.05). The activities of SOD and LZM in Group C20 and Group C40, as well as the ACP, CAT and PO in Group C40 were all significantly higher than those in Group C0 on 24^th hour (P<0.05). The activities of CAT in Group C10 and Group C20, as well as the TNOS and iNOS in Group C40 and Group C80 were all significantly higher than those in Group C0 group on 48^th hour (P<0.05). The activities of AKP in all treatment groups were significantly higher than those in Group C0, but the ACP and CAT in Group C40 and Group C80 were significantly lower than those in Group C0 on 72^nd hour (P<0.05). Under this condition, 10–40 mg·L^–1 GLWE could significantly increase the activities of AKP, ACP, SOD, CAT, PO, NOS and LZM in S.paramamosain serum within 48 h, and GLWE of 20–40 mg·L^–1 obtained the optimal effect.