南海港湾(海陵湾)浮游植物与赤潮生物研究

根据2015—2016年4个航次的调查数据，对海陵湾口海水温度、盐度、pH、溶解氧(DO)、化学需氧量(COD)、无机氮(DIN)、无机磷(DIP)、叶绿素a (Chl-a)、石油类、硫化物和重金属质量浓度等16项水质指标进行分析，并通过综合污染评价指数(P)、富营养状态(E)和质量评价指数(NQI)对该区域渔业环境质量进行综合评价。结果显示，对海陵湾海域污染贡献率最高的因子依次是石油类、DIN、COD和DO，不同季节海水受污染程度和主要污染物水平存在显著差异(P<0.05)；春季海水中DIN污染贡献率最高(0.27~0.69 mg·L^–1)，仅达到国家四类海水标准；夏季水质清洁，达到国家二类海水标准，但DO质量浓度(4.69~5.93 mg·L^–1)显著低于其他三季；秋冬两季海水均受到一定程度的石油污染，海水中石油类质量浓度分别达0.069 mg·L^–1和0.143 mg·L^–1，均超过国家二类海水标准限量值，综合评价结果为轻度污染；冬季海水中COD值(3.67 mg·L^–1)和Chl-a质量浓度(13.07 mg·m^–3)均显著高于其他季节，11个调查站位(90%以上) NQI值大于3，水质呈现明显的富营养化状态。

Antibiotics in the coastal environment of the Hailing Bay region,South China Sea: spatial distribution,source analysis and ecological risks

Based on the quarterly investigation data of the Hailing Bay estuary from 2015 to 2016, in addition to the evaluation of the Nemerow pollution index (P), eutrophication index (E) and nutrient quality index (NQI), we analyzed 16 basic water quality indices, including water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP), chlorophyll a, petroleum hydrocarbon, sulfide and heavy metal content, so as to evaluate the quality of the fishery environment in this region. The results show that the top four contamination factors in Hailing Bay estuary were petroleum hydrocarbon, DIN, COD and DO, and the degree of contamination and the main pollutants in seawater were different among four seasons significantly (P<0.05). In spring, the DIN value was higher than those in the other seasons significantly, ranging from 0.27 mg·L^–1 to 0.69 mg·L^–1. In summer, the seawater was relatively clean, but the DO value was lower significantly, ranging from 4.69 mg·L^–1 to 5.93 mg·L^–1. In autumn and winter, the seawater was both contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbon whose concentration were 0.069 mg·L^–1 and 0.143 mg·L^–1, respectively (mild pollution). Winter witnessed the highest mass concentrations of COD (3.67 mg·L^–1), Chl-a (13.07 mg·m^–3) and NQI (4.35). The NQI values in 11 sampling stations were over 3, which indicates that seawater in the Hailing Bay estuary is experiencing high eutrophication.