大鹏澳浮游纤毛虫群落与环境因子间的关系

为探讨大亚湾海域水体和沉积物中石油烃的含量及其分布特征，2015年4月(春季)、8月(夏季)、10月(秋季)和12月(冬季)对大亚湾海域的石油烃进行了4个季度调查。结果显示，大亚湾表层水体石油烃质量浓度为0.005~0.268 mg·L^–1，均值为0.067 mg·L^–1，水质为国家三类海水，平均污染指数(P_i)为1.34，水体已经受到石油烃的污染。水体中石油烃的分布主要受湾内顺时针方向水平环流的影响，春季石油烃的高值区位于湾内东部海域，夏季位于湾内南部海域，秋季位于湾内西南部海域，冬季则位于湾内北部海域。表层沉积物中石油烃质量分数为7~559 mg·kg^–1，均值为183.4 mg·kg^–1，平均P_i为0.367，表明大亚湾表层沉积物除了A9站位受污染之外，整体未受石油烃污染。表层沉积物中石油烃呈点源分布，高值区位于中央列岛区、南澳镇东北海域以及大辣甲东面海域，主要分布于石化排污区、进港航道和油码头附近。

Petroleum hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surficial sediments of Xiamen Harbour and Yuan Dan Lake,China

We investigated the content and distribution characteristics of petroleum hydrocarbon in Daya Bay waters and sediments in spring, summer, autumn and winter of 2015. The mass concentrations of petroleum in surface waters ranged from 0.005 mg·L^–1 to 0.268 mg·L^–1 (average: 0.067 mg·L^–1). According to the National Seawater Standard, the water quality was at Grade Ⅲ. The average pollution index (P_i) was 1.34, indicating that the seawater had been polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons. The distribution of petroleum hydrocarbons in surface waters was mainly affected by the horizontal clockwise circulation. The petroleum hydrocarbons high value area was located in the eastern part in spring, southern part in summer, southwest in autumn and northern part in winter. The range of petroleum hydrocarbons mass fraction in surface sediments was 7−559 mg·kg^–1 (average:183.4 mg·kg^–1). The average P_i was 0.367, indicating that the surface sediments in Daya Bay were not polluted by petroleum hydrocarbon, except Station A9. Petroleum hydrocarbon was a point source in surface sediments, and the high value area was located in the central archipelagic region, northeastern Nan'ao Town and eastern Dalajia Island, and all of those areas were distributed in the petrochemical sewage area, near the channel and the petroleum terminal.