小麦资源胚乳蛋白Glu-1、Glu-3、Gli-1基因位点变异特点

141个普通小麦品种及农家种中，由Glu-1位点控制的高分子量谷蛋白亚基共27种图谱，最常见的图谱是（N，7+8，2+12）占22%和（N，7+9，2+12）占19.9%，Glu-A1、Glu-B1、Glu-D1位点控制的均为正效应亚基，其图谱（1，7+8，5+10），（1，14+15，5+10），（1，13+16，5+10），（1，17+18，5+10），（2*，7+8，5+10），（2*，13+16，5+10）占13.4%; 由Glu-3位点控制的低分子量谷蛋白亚基共48种以上的图谱，最常见的图谱是（a, j, c）, Glu-A3位点存在6个以上等位基因，新发现的占5.7%, Glu-B3位点存在10个以上等位基因，新发现的占2.8%, Glu-D3位点存在3个等位基因；由Gli-1位点控制的醇溶蛋白共81种以上图谱，Gli-1A1位点存在7个以上等位基因，新发现的占7.1%, Gli-B1位点存在12个以上等位基因，新发现的等位基因占3.5%, Gli-D1位点存在10个等位基因，Gli-B1位点的l为1B/1R易位系，占总数的33.6%; 由Gli-1位点控制的醇溶蛋白和由Glu-3位点控制的低分子量谷蛋白亚基基因变异远比由G1u-1位点控制的高分子量谷蛋白亚基复杂和丰富。

Characterization of Glu-1,Glu-3 and Gli-1 Alleleic Variation of Storage Protein in 141 Hexaploid Wheat Cultivars in China

The banding patterns of HMWgs,LMWgs and HMW gliadins of 141 common wheat cultivars(lines) were analyzed using two-step SDS-PAGE and a modified APAGE,respectively checked out according to the 20 standard cultivars' patterns.27 HWMgs band patterns were encoded by Glu-1 locus,all positive effect subunits such as(1,7 8,5 10),(1,14 15,5 10),(1,13 16,5 10),(1,17 18,5 10),(2~*,7 8,5 10),(2~*,13 16,5 10) were about 13.4% in the 141 cultivars(lines) which were encoded by Glu-A1,Glu-B1 and Glu-D1.Over 48 LMWgs band patterns were encoded by Glu-3 locus,the pattern with the highest frequency was(a,j,c),more than 6 alleles were at Glu-A locus and 5.7% of them were newly discovered,above 10 alleles were at Glu-B1 locus and 2.8% of them were newly discovered,3 alleles were at Glu-D1 locus;81 HMW gliadin band patterns were encoded by Gli-1 locus,more than 7 alleles were at Gli-A1 locus,and 7.1% of them were newly discovered,more than 12 alleles were at Gli-B1 locus,and(3.5%) of them were newly discovered,10 alleles were at Gli-D1 locus;(33.6%) alleles encoded by Gli-B1 were 1B/1R translocation lines.So HMW gliadin alleleic variation encoded by Gli-1 and LMWgs alleleic variation encoded by Glu-3 are much more complex and abundant than HMWgs alleleic variation,these results also showed that LMWgs,gliadins and these similar to HMWgs are seldom located on chromosome 1A.Moreover,the A-PAGE patterns or SDS-PAGE patterns are possibly different even if their HMWgs,LMWgs and HMW gliadin compositions are the same,in other words,their LMW gliadins compositions may be different.