麻竹笋用林高效培育的密度与施肥效应研究

以麻竹笋用林高效培育为目标,在丛立竹密度和施肥对竹笋经济性状影响的试验基础上,构建丛立竹密度和施肥的优化模式,结果表明:在试验设计范围内,丛立竹密度与竹笋产量呈抛物线型关系,与丛出笋数遵循线性增长趋势,但当丛立竹密度9株及以上时,笋个体质量和竹笋产量显著下降;施肥的竹笋增产效果主要来源于笋个体质量增大和不规格笋比例下降,对丛出笋总数无显著影响,对丛经济出笋数有显著影响。施有机复合肥竹笋产量随施肥量增加而增加,尿素则随施肥量增加出现先增产后减产现象,产生“氮饱和”效应;当丛立竹胸径5~6 cm时,施用试验有机复合肥,麻竹笋用林丰产栽培最佳组合为丛立竹密度5~7株,丛施肥量10~12 kg。

Effects of Fertilization and Density Regulation on Shoot Productivity of Bamboo Glove in Dendrocalamus latiflorus

Aimed at a higher benefit of bamboo shoot in Dendrocalamus latiflorus,based on an experimentation of fertilization and clump density,models were established to optimize fertilization and clump density.The results showed that there was a parabola relation between clump density and shoot output,a linear relation between clump density and clump shoot number.Indiridual shoot weight and shoot output were declined when the clump density exceeded 9.The fertilization effect on the increase of shoot production came from the increase of individual shoot weight and standard shoot number mainly,but not from total shoot number.Shoot output increased with the increase in fertilization quantity of complex organic fertilizer.When urea was fertilized,the production increased first and reduced afterwards,presenting a phenomenon of nitrification saturation.The higher benefit cultivation measures of Dendrocalamus latiflorus for bamboo shoot were clump density of 5~7,complex organic fertilizer 10~12kg per clump,and diameter at breast height(DBH) of 5~6cm.