东部山区县域土壤侵蚀动态与土地利用关系的分析

基于GIS和RS技术,在建立山东省栖霞市地学数据库的基础上,采用通用土壤侵蚀方程定量地研究了该市1987和2003年土壤侵蚀状况,并且对土壤侵蚀变化与土地利用结构进行了相关分析。结果表明,栖霞市土壤侵蚀状况明显好转,土壤侵蚀模数由1987年的4 312.63 t/km2减少到2003年的2 481.10 t/km2,空间上由东部牙山和西北部艾山为主干形成的东南—西北分水岭向西南、东北部的倾斜;平地土壤侵蚀强度逐渐降低;林地和园地是栖霞市减少水土流失的主要类型;草坡地限制土壤侵蚀的效果比较明显;坡耕地和未利用地是土壤侵蚀治理的关键。由于局部区域土壤侵蚀增强,因此有必要对未来土地利用格局进行优化。

Analysis of the Correlation between Soil Erosion Dynamics and Land Utilization in Eastern Mountainous Areas at County Level

Based on GIS and RS technologies and the establishment of geoscience database in Qixia city of Shandong province,the soil erosion conditions in this city in 1987 and 2003 were quantificationally studied and the correlation between soil erosion changes and land utilization structure was analyzed by using universal soil erosion equation.The results showed that the soil erosion conditions in Qixia city were obviously improved.The soil erosion modulus decreased from 4 312.63 t/km2 in 1987 to 2 481.10 t/km2 in 2003.Soil erosion was inclined from the southeast-northwest watershed with the trunks of Mountain Ya in the east and Mount Ai in the northwest toward the southwest and northeast.The average soil erosion intensity was gradually reduced.Forest land and garden plots were main types of reducing soil and water loss in Qixia city.The restriction effect of grassland on soil erosion was more obvious.Slope farmland and unutilized land were the keys for controlling soil erosion.Because soil erosion in local regions were enhanced,it was necessary to optimize the future land utilization pattern.