姜瘟病原菌田间自然群体毒力及不同接种方法的比较研究

目的]为姜瘟病病原菌自然群体毒力组成的监测提供参考。方法]从同一个姜瘟病田的不同区域分离获得26个菌株,观察其细胞学性状,测定其生物型,从灌根法、注射法、剪叶法中筛选姜瘟病病原菌适宜的接种方法。结果]分离获得的26个菌株的形态、培养性状、染色反应及生理生化特性和对照菌株L2、G2表现完全一致,确定其是青枯假单胞杆菌Pseudomonas solanacearum Smith),即姜瘟病病原菌,其中7株为Ⅱ型,占总菌株数的27%,19株为Ⅲ型,占总菌株数的73%。在田间进行姜瘟病病原菌接种时,建议使用茎基部注射法。结论]从1块有代表性的病田的不同病株上分离25个以上的菌株的致病力的测定结果是该地区姜瘟病病病菌自然群体毒力组成系统监测的重要参考。

Comparative Study on the Virulence of a Natural Population in Field and the Inoculation Methods of the Pathogen of the Ginger Wilt Disease

Objective] The research aimed to provided the reference for the detection of the virulent composition of a natural population of the pathogen of the Ginger wilt disease.Method] The cytological characters of the 26 strains,separated from different regions of the same Ginger wilt disease field,were observed,their biotypes were tested and the suitable method of inoculation of the pathogen in the Ginger wilt disease was screened from the root-drenching method,injection method,leaf-cutting method.Result] The morphology,cultural characters,staining reaction and the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the separated 26 strains were the same as that of the control strains L2 and G2,which indicated that it was Pseudomonas solanacearum,i.e.was the pathogen of the Ginger wilt disease.Among these strains,7 strains which shared 27% of the total strains belonged to typeⅡ,and 19 strains which shared 73% of the total strains belonged to type Ⅲ.Injecting the pathogen in the stem base was the recommended method when the pathogen of the Ginger wilt disease was inoculated in field.Conclusion] The pathogenicity of more than 25 strains separated from different diseased plants in one representative diseased field were tested and its result provided the important reference for monitoring the virulent composition system of a natural population of the pathogen of the Ginger wilt disease in this area.