遵义市2010年7月8～13日暴雨洪涝特征及影响评估

采用空间定位、距平百分率、历史对比、极大值推算、灾害影响分析等多种方法,对2010年7月8-13日遵义市出现的一次大范围的强降水过程进行综合评估。结果表明,此次连续性降水过程的强降水区主要位于遵义市的东北部,即正安、道真、务川等地;全市14个国家气象观测台站中,共有4站次大暴雨、8站次暴雨、8站次大雨;全市215个乡镇中,有162站次日雨量达暴雨,其中45站次大暴雨;务川茅天镇9日00：00-10日00：00降水量达288.6 mm,其中雨强达90.2 mm/h;务川分水镇7日22：00-10日05：00总雨量达423.0 mm。此次强降水中1 h最大降水量、日最大降水量、任意连续3 d最大降水量均超过100年一遇的大暴雨;强降水造成较大范围的渍涝或洪涝,部分河流超警戒或危急水位,灾害损失极其严重。

Characters and Impacts Evaluation of Rainstorms and Floods from July 8 to I3, 2010 in Zunyi City

A strong rainfall during June 8-13,2010 in Zunyi City is comprehensively analyzed by several diagnosis methods,including space location,maximum value,history comparison,maximum value assumption and disaster influence analysis.Results show that this time the successive heavy precipitation fall in the northeastern area of Zunyi City,that is Zheng'an,Daozheng and Wuchuan etc.There are in total of 4 times of heavy rainstorms,8 times of rainstorms and 8 times of heavy rains in 14 meteorological observatories of the entire city.In the whole 215 towns,the daily precipitation in 162 stations reaches rainstorm scale,of which 45 stations reaches heavy rainstorm scale.The 24 hours rainfall of the heavy rain in Wuchuan Maotian town reaches 288.6 mm and the maximum rainfall intensity is 90.2 mm.The total precipitation from 22:00 on 7th to 05:00 on 10th in Fenshui Wuchuan reaches 423.0 mm.The 1h maximum precipitation,daily maximum precipitation and the maximum precipitation in any 3 days all surpasses the rainstorm which occurs once in a hundred years.The heavy precipitation results in large range of water-logging and flooding;the water level of several rivers passes the dangerous or warning line.The damages and impacts of the disaster are also put forward in this paper.