马蹄金草坪中甘薯叶甲的发生及防治研究

目的]研究甘薯叶甲在马蹄金草坪中的发生情况和防治方法,为有效开展甘薯叶甲的综合防治、保护马蹄金草坪提供依据。方法]以南通地区马蹄金草坪中的甘薯叶甲为研究对象,连续多年进行田间系统调查,同时进行室内饲养和田间防治试验。结果]甘薯叶甲指名亚种嗜食打碗花等,但在南通城区和城郊好发于马蹄金草坪。1年发生1代,10月中旬后以老熟幼虫在草坪根区越冬。翌年5月中下旬为化蛹盛期。蛹可分3级,蛹历期9~11 d。成虫聚集为害马蹄金叶成＂被害塘＂,6月产卵于禾本科杂草的老茎或枯茎中。卵历期9~13 d。幼虫取食马蹄金根部致其生长不良。冬春气候温暖且成虫羽化前后气候暖湿、马蹄金叶绿柄高且生长稠密、草坪中禾本科杂草多有利于该虫发生。挖查各级蛹的比例可推测成虫的发生期。防治措施有清除禾本科杂草、防止带虫移栽、用打碗花等制毒铒诱杀成虫或用毒水淋土毒杀低龄幼虫等。结论]研究摸清了南通地区马蹄金草坪中甘薯叶甲的危害情况、年生活史、影响因素、发生期预测和综合防治方法等。

Research on the Sweet-potato Leaf Beetle Occurrence in Horseshoe Gold-grass Lawn and Its Prevention

Objective] The basis of the effective implementation of the comprehensive prevention of sweet-potato leaf beetle and the protection of Dichondra lawn was.Providedthrough the research on and the occurrence of sweet-potato leaf beetle and its control.Method] The sweet-potato leaf beetle occurred in the horseshoe gold-grass lawn in Nantong was systematically investigated for many years,and meanwhile,the experiment in the insects' raising indoor and its control in field was conducted.Results] The hedge bindweed was a favorite for sweet potato leaf beetle and occurred in Dichondra lawn in the downtown and suburban of Nantong city.The insect occurred one time in each year and from mid-October the mature larvae would be over-wintering in the root zone of grass.The peak time of its pupation was in the middle to late of next May.Its pupae could be divided into three grades with the lasting time of 9~11 days.The adults damaged the leaf of horseshoe gold-grass In the June it laid its eggs in the old and dried stem of cereal grass.The duration of egg-laying was 9~13 days.The development of root was ate by the larvae,causing the poor growth of whole grass.The condition: such as warm weather in winter and spring,the warm and wet weather before and after adult emergence,the good growth of green stem of horseshoe gold-grass,and more cereal weeds in the lawn,was conducive to the pest occurring.the time of adult occurrence can be inferred through the check of the different grades of pupae in field.The control measures included the clearance of cereal weeds in the lawn,the prevention of transplanting horseshoe gold-grass with insect,adult-trapping/killing by means of the hedge bindweed or the soil treatment with chemical for young larvae-killing and others.Conclusion] The damage of the insect,its life history,the factor influencing its growth and development,the prediction of its occurrence and its integrated control method in Nantong were explored through the investigation.