贵州茶园施用农药品种市售及茶农使用情况调查

通过实地走访及问卷调查,对贵州省8个主产茶县市的茶园农药市售及茶农使用情况进行了调查,以期找出茶叶农药残留的成因及降低农药残留的对策。结果表明：8个主产茶县市茶园农药市售及茶农使用的大体情况为：（1）10家农药销售店,茶园农药共计化学农药29种,微生物农药2种,植物源农药0种;（2）一些生态茶园多的茶区和经常举行茶叶质量安全生产培训的茶区,农药使用次数较其他茶区少;（3）80%的茶农购买农药时首先考虑的是防治效果。据分析,农药残留的原因主要有：（1）农药品种单一,销售人员、茶农缺乏病虫害防治知识;（2）茶农缺乏茶叶质量安全常识,参与农药使用技术培训少;（3）茶农轮换用药和混合用药方式较为科学,但也存在着不适时、不对症用药等问题。相应地,可采取3个对策降低农药残留：（1）加强农药管理,增加微生物、植物源农药的销售和使用;（2）加强茶农茶叶质量安全生产培训;（3）提高茶农文化水平,引导茶农科学用药。

Investigation of Tea Pesticide Markets and the Usage of Tea Pesticides in Guizhou Province

To uncover the causes of pesticides residues in tea product,the pesticide market for tea cultivation and the tea pesticide usage situation were investigated in eight main counties of Guizhou Province.The results showed that: 1) there were 29 kinds of chemical pesticides,two kinds of microbiological pesticides and none plant-derived pesticide;2) some tea regions decreased usage times of pesticides,as they possess more ecological tea plantations and often carried out quality and safety training;and 3) 80% tea...