麦后直播短季棉地膜覆盖效应试验

目的]探索短季棉麦后直播的地膜覆盖栽培技术。方法]以中棉所50为试材,通过覆膜与不覆膜对照2个处理,研究了不同处理对土壤水分、地温、叶面积及产量的影响。结果]地膜覆盖后,土温显著增。地膜覆盖45 d,5、101、5 cm各土层增加积温分别为123.74、105.75和87.5℃;土壤水分含量也有提高。与对照相比,地膜覆盖后麦后直播的短季棉苗期、蕾期的叶面积增长速度快,现蕾期早4 d,开花期早6 d,吐絮期早8~10 d,株高高3.1 cm,单株叶片多2.2个,果枝增加1.3个,蕾增加2.7个,霜前花率提高11.15%,比对照增产33.2%。结论]短季棉麦后直播地膜覆盖可以明显增加单株铃数、单铃量、霜前花,显著提高皮棉产量。

Study on the Effect of Plastic Film Mulcheng on Short-season Cotton Direct-seeded after Wheat

Objective] The study was to explore the cultivation technique of plastic film mulching on short-season cotton direct-seeded after wheat.Method] With Zhongmiansuo 50 as tested material,2 treatments of plastic film mulching and CK without mulching were set up to investigate the influence of different treatments on soil moisture and temperature,leaf area and yield.Result] After plastic film mulching,soil temperature had a significantly increase.After Plastic film mulching for 45 d,the accumulated temperatures of the soil layers at 5,10 and 15 cm were increased by 123.74,105.75 and 87.5 ℃ resp.and the soil moisture also was increased.Compared with CK,after Plastic film mulching,the leaf area of short-season cotton direct-seeded after wheat in seedling and budding stage was increased faster.Budding stage,flowering stage and boll-opening stage was 4,6 and 8～10 d earlier resp.,and the plant height was 3.1 cm higher.The leaf number,fruit branches and buds per plant were increased by 2.2,1.3 and 2.7 resp,while the flower rate before frost and the yield were increased by 11.15% and 33.2% resp.Conclusion] Plastic film mulching could increase the boll quantity per plant and per boll and flower before frost of short-season cotton direct-seeded after wheat obviously,and increase its lint yield significantly.