番茄灰霉病菌拮抗放线菌的筛选、鉴定及其活性评价

从安徽省寿县农田土壤中分离筛选到1株对番茄灰霉病菌Botrytis cinerea有强拮抗作用的放线菌菌株HNU-1。根据菌体形态特征、培养特征、细胞壁组分、生理生化特性和16S rRNA基因序列分析,将该菌株鉴定为吸水链霉菌Streptomyces hygroscopicus。菌株HNU-1发酵滤液可抑制灰霉病菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发,且浓度越高,抑制能力越强;当发酵滤液稀释6.67倍时则完全抑制灰霉病菌菌丝生长和分生孢子萌发。盆栽试验结果表明,菌株HNU-1发酵滤液6.67倍稀释液对番茄灰霉病的预防与治疗效果分别为87.8%和77.9%,均显著高于50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂500倍稀释液。

Screening,Identification and Inhibitory Activity of an Actinomycete Strain and against Botrytis cinerea

An actinomycete strain HNU-1,isolated from a farmland soil in Shou county,Anhui province,exhibited antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea.Based on characteristics,in morphology,physiological,biochemica and 16S rRNA gene sequences,the strain was identified as Streptomyces hygroscopicus.Culture filtrate of the strain could inhibit mycelium growth and spore germination of B.cinerea,and resulted in more inhibition as the concentration of the culture filtrate increased.Mycelium growth and spore germination of B.cinerea was completely inhibited by 6.67-fold dilution of the culture filtrate.Pot experiments demonstrated that prevention and cure efficiencies of 6.67-fold dilution of the culture filtrate against tomato gray mould were 87.8% and 77.9%,respectively,significantly superior to those of 500-fold dilution of 50% Badistan.