高含油率的八角优良单株选择

[目的]选择高含油量的八角（Illicium verum Hook.f.）优良单株,为八角种质资源基因库的建立和收集保存八角种质奠定基础。[方法]自2002年以来,在云南八角的主要产区开展八角优良单株的选择研究工作,拟定出八角选优标准。按照选优标准,在云南八角主产区决选出16株含油率高的优良单株,对各优良单株进行了分析,并逐株进行介绍。最后,对八角优株的扩选、复选、保护利用以及与此有关的良种选育工作提出了建议。[结果]决选出的16株优良单株,1 kg个数为110-198个,鲜果重5.04-9.07 g,株产达60-158kg;其茴香油均符合GB/T15068-94对其所含八角茴香油组成（反-茴香脑≥87.0%,草蒿脑≤8.0%,顺-茴香脑≤0.5%,大茴香醛≤1.0%）的要求。[结论]该研究可为云南八角种质资源的开发利用提供参考依据。

Selection of High Oil Content of Illicium verum Hook.f. Superior Individual

[Objective] The aim was to select high oil content of Illicium verum Hook.f.superior individual,to lay foundation for collectting and saving llicium verum Hook.f.germplasm and establishing its germplasm resources gene pool.[Method] Since 2002,the research of Illicium verum Hook.f.superior individual selection in its main producing areas of Yunnan was carried out and the selection standard of its superior individual was mapped out.In accordance with the selection standard,16 strains Illicium verum Hook.f.with high oil content were elected and each them was introduced.Finally,the expansive election,multiple choice,protection and utilization,and breeding and the related work of superior strains of Illicium verum Hook.f.were proposed.[Result] The 16 strains Illicium verum Hook.f.had 110-198 plants per 1000 kg,its fresh fruit weight was 5.04-90.7 g per fruit,its yield per plant was 60-150 kg,and its components of anise oil was met the requirements of GB/T15068-94.[Conclusion] The study can provide reference for development and utilization of Illicium verum Hook.f.germplasm resources.