河蟹生态养殖池后生浮游动物的群落结构及动态

为了探究河蟹生态养殖对池塘后生浮游动物群落的影响,2013年4至10月采集了上海松江泖港地区河蟹养殖池和水源水体的后生浮游动物(包括轮虫、枝角类和桡足类),分析了后生浮游动物的种类构成、生物密度、生物量和生物多样性。共检测出后生浮游动物59种,其中优势种14种。轮虫优势种为萼花臂尾轮虫、螺形龟甲轮虫、裂痕龟纹轮虫、暗小异尾轮虫、针簇多肢轮虫和尾三肢轮虫;枝角类优势种为长肢秀体溞、短尾秀体溞、蚤状溞、长额象鼻溞和圆形盘肠溞;桡足类优势种为锯缘真剑水蚤、跨立小剑水蚤和广布中剑水蚤。养殖池轮虫平均生物密度为562.78 ind/L,平均生物量为0.37 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围1.97~2.36。水源轮虫平均生物密度为388.69 ind/L,平均生物量为0.25 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围1.56~2.20。养殖池枝角类平均生物密度为70.59 ind/L,平均生物量为4.56 mg/L,ShannonWiener多样性指数变化范围1.34~2.18。水源枝角类平均生物密度为37.92 ind/L,平均生物量为2.37 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围1.11~1.97。养殖池桡足类平均生物密度为275.00 ind/L,平均生物量为10.48 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围1.25~2.26。水源桡足类平均生物密度为155.07 ind/L,平均生物量为7.30 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围1.25~2.11。综上所述,河蟹养殖池后生浮游动物种类数、生物密度、生物量和生物多样性均高于水源,群落稳定。

The metazoan zooplankton community structure and dynamics of crab ecological farming ponds

To explore the influence of ecological crab farming on ponds metazoan zooplankton community, crab ponds zooplankton and water source (including Rotifera, Cladocera and Copepoda ) of Shanghai Songjiang Maogang district were acquired from April to October at 2013. Zooplankton species composition, biological density, biomass and biodiversity was analyzed. Total of 59 kinds of metazoan zooplankton was detected , including 14 dominant species. The dominant species of Rotifera were Brachionus calyciflorus, Keratella cochlearis, Anuraeopsis fissa, Trichocerca pusill, Polyarthra trigla and Filinia major; the Cladocera dominant species were Diaphanosoma leuchtenbergianum, Diaphanosoma brachyurun, Daphnia pulex, Bosmina longirostris and Chydorus sphaericus; the dominant species of Copepoda were Eucyclops serrulatus, Microcyclops varicans and Mesocyclops leuckarti. The average biological pond Rotifera density was 562.78 ind/L, the average biomass was 0.37 mg/L, the range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 1.97-2.36. The average Rotifera biomass density of water source was 388.69 ind/L, the average biomass was 0.25 mg/L, the range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index changes from 1.56 to 2.20. Cladocera average biomass density of ponds was 70.59ind/L, the average biomass was 4.56 mg/L, the range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 1.34 to 2.18. Cladocera average biomass density of water source was 37.92 ind/L, the average biomass was 2.37 mg/L, the range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index was1.11 to 1.97. Copepoda average biomass density of ponds 275.00ind/L, the average biomass was 10.48 mg/L, the range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index changes from 1.25 to 2.26. Copepoda average biomass density of water source was 155.07 ind/L, the average biomass was 7.30 mg/L, the range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index changes from 1.25 to 2.11. In summary, the crab pond zooplankton species, biological density, biomass and biodiversity were higher than the source of water, with the stable community.