关中地区不同后屋仰角日光温室保温性能分析

为了确定关中地区最适宜的后屋仰角，本试验将后屋仰角为35°、40°、45°、50°的日光温室，分别编号为1#、2#、3#、4#，在最冷月对四类温室及室外的气温、5cm和20cm地温、后屋内表面温度以及室内作物受冻表现进行了观测与分析。结果表明：各温室的保温性能顺序为3#〉2#〉1#〉4#，3#温室1月中下旬的最低气温平均为9．3℃，平均气温为11．3℃，气温日较差平均为11．4℃；3#温室土温及后屋内表面温度也高于同期其它温室。方差分析表明，3#温室气温日较差与1#、4#温室差异显著。4#温室日最低气温最低，并与外界最低气温间为极显著正相关关系（r=0．708〉r0.01），且作物绝收。试验结果认为，在关中地区最优的后屋面仰角应该为45°左右。

Thermal Insulation Property Analysis of Various Back-roof Elevation Angle Solar Greenhouse in Central Shaanxi Plain

In order to determine the optimum back-roof elevation angle of solar greenhouse for central Shaanxi plain, it was numbered the solar greenhouse which back-roof elevation angle was 35°, 40°, 45°, 50° to be 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#. We observed the air temperature, 5 cm and 20 cm soil temperature, the inner surface temperature of back-roof and the frostbite performance of crop in the coldest month. The results showed that the order of thermal insulation property was 3# 〉2# 〉 1# 〉4#, it＇s mean minimum air temperature in the 3# in Jan. was 9.3℃, mean air temperature was 11. 3℃ , the average of air temperature daily range was 11.4℃ , the soil temperature and back-roof inner surface temperature of 3# was higher than that of other greenhouse. The result of analysis of variance indicated that there were a significant difference of the average of air temperature daily range between 3# and 1# , as well as between 3# and 4#. Mean minimum air temperature was lower than others＇, and it had a high significantly correlated with outside air temperature （r = 0. 708 〉 r0.01 ）. It was suggested that 45° was the optimum back-roof elevation angle in all back-roof elevation angles in central Shaanxi plain.