精播麦套花生套期、肥料与密度优化配置

大田条件下采用二次饱和D—最优设计建立了精播麦套花生套期、密度和N肥与产量的数学模型。分析表明: (1)套期与密度、密度与肥料间呈负向交互效应。套期晚,花生适宜密度应相应增加;密度增加,N肥用量可适当减少。套期与肥料呈正向交互效应,套期早, N 肥用量也应适当增加。( 2) 麦套花生最高产量可达到5 795. 4kg/hm2 ,相应的措施组合为:麦收前22d套种,每公顷播20. 7万株,施N 89. 3kg。产量在4 500～5 250kg/hm2 范围内的措施组合为:麦收前18～29d套种,每公顷播18. 8～22. 2万株,施N 49. 4～90. 7kg;产量在5 250～5 795kg/hm2范围内的措施组合为:麦收前17～22d套种,每公顷播18. 9～22. 7万株,施N 72. 7～108. 9kg。(3)夏直播花生最高产量可达到4 873. 0kg/hm2 ,相应的措施组合为:每公顷播20. 8万株,施N 85. 4 kg/hm2。

Optimization of peanut-wheat intercropping system on date, fertilizer and plant density

A mathematic model of refined-planting peanut intercropped with wheat was established based on intercropping date,plant density and N fertilizer with yield by quadratic saturation D-optimization design under field condition.Negative correlations were found between intercropping date and plant density and between plant density and fertilizer amount.Plant density should be increased if the intercropping date was postponed and N amount can be reduced with the increase of plant density.The highest intercropped peanut yield could reach(5 795.4kg/hm~2) with a measure-combination of 22d intercropped before wheat harvesting,combined with(207 000plants/hm~2) and 89.3kg N/hm~2.The measure-combination for a yield of 4 500~5 250kg/hm~2 was 18~29d intercropped before wheat harvesting combined with 188 000~222 000plants/hm~2 and 49.4~90.7N kg/hm~2,and the measure-combination for a yield of 5 250~5 795kg/hm~2 was 17~22d intercropped before wheat harvest combined with 189 000~227 000plants/hm~2 and 72.7~108.9N kg/hm~2.The highest yield of summer-planting peanut can reach 4 873kg/hm~2,and the corresponding measure was 208 000plants/hm~2 combined with 85.4N kg/hm~2.