利用秋水仙素诱导地艹念多倍体的研究

目的]探索利用秋水仙素诱导地艹念多倍体的可行性。方法]以秋水仙素作为诱变剂,对地艹念无菌试管苗丛芽进行多倍体诱导,研究秋水仙素浓度、处理方法和处理时间对地艹念组培苗丛芽诱导效果的影响。经纯化和鉴定后,分析地艹念多倍体的外部形态和叶片气孔特征。结果]采用混培法用0.1%秋水仙素对地艹念处理14 d的诱导率达28%,明显优于浸泡法。秋水仙素浓度对地艹念染色体的加倍率影响显著。采用不定芽技术切取变异株顶芽继代5次后,可得到纯合四倍体地艹念植株,染色体数目为2n=56。与正常二倍体相比,四倍体地艹念植株表现出多倍体巨大型特征。结论]采用混培法用0.1%秋水仙素处理地艹念试管苗丛芽21 d,可获得最好的诱导效果。

Study on the Polyploid Induction of Melastoma dodecandrum Lour.by Using Colchicine

Objective] The research aimed to discuss the feasibility of inducing the polyploidy of Melastoma dodecandrum Lour.by using colchicine.Method] With colchicine as mutagenic agent,the polyploidy induction was made on the clumpy buds of aseptic M.dodecandrum seedlings to study the influnces of colchicine concn.,treatment methods and treatment time on the induction effect of the clumpy buds of aseptic M.dodecandrum tube seedlings.After purification and identification,the external morphology and the leaf stomatal characteristics of M.dodecandrum polyploidy were analyzed.Result] The induction rate of treating M.dodecandrum with 0.1% colchicine for 14 d by using mixed culture method reached 28%,being obvious better than that by soaking method.The concn.of colchicine had a significant effect on the doubling rate of chromosome in M.dodecandrum.After the apical buds in variant plants were cut by adventitious bud technology and subcultured for 5 germinations,the pure tetraploid plants of M.dodecandrum were obtained with the chromosome number of 2n=56.Compared with natural diploid plants,the tetraploid plants of M.dodecandrum showed the giant characteristics of polyploids.Conclusion] When the clumpy buds of M.dodecandrum tube seedlings were treated with 0.1%colchicine for 21 d,the best induction effects were obtained.