利用ACGM和EST-SSR标记对云贵高原野生山蚂蝗属种质的遗传多样性分析

山蚂蝗属野生种质是一个具有巨大经济价值的资源。本研究利用基于基因表达序列数据库开发的２种分子标记ＡＣＧＭ 和ＥＳＴ ＳＳＲ 共８５对引物对山蚂蝗属９个种４６个野生种质资源进行多样性分析。结果显示，ＡＣＧＭ引物中有扩增产物的引物比例为８６．４９％，远高于ＥＳＴ ＳＳＲ 引物的５４．１７％。同时，ＡＣＧＭ 的多态性比率也大于ＥＳＴ-ＳＳＲ，可见ＡＣＧＭ 在山蚂蝗属野生种质中的转移性优于ＥＳＴ-ＳＳＲ。通过ＡＣＧＭ 和ＥＳＴ ＳＳＲ 分析得到的遗传相似性系数为０．５２３～０．９６７，平均相似系数为０．７０３，这表明山蚂蝗属野生种质资源间存在较高的遗传多样性。此外，ＡＣＧＭ 分析能有效区分４６ 个山蚂蝗属种质基因型，而ＥＳＴ-ＳＳＲ 只能区分绝大多数山蚂蝗属基因型。在ＵＰＧＭＡ 聚类图上４６个供试材料被分成９组，与传统分类结果不完全一致。说明基于禾本科和豆科基因表达序列开发的分子标记能用于山蚂蝗属植物的遗传分析，同时这也为其他野生种质资源的遗传多样性研究提供了有益的借鉴。

Analysis of the genetic diversity of Desmodium genus using transferred ACGM and EST-SSR markers

Desmodium genetic resources are economically valuable.In the present study,37 primer pairs of ACGM markers and 48 primer pairs of EST-SSR,developed from the gene expressing sequences,were used to assess the genetic diversity of 46 Desmodium accessions from 9 species.PCR products were obtained from 86.49% of ACGM primers and 54.17% of EST-SSR primers.The level of polymorphism in the ACGMs was higher than that in the EST-SSR,indicating that the transferability of ACGM primers was better than that of EST-SSR.Based on the ACGM and EST-SSR data,genetic similarity coefficients among all the Desmodium accessions ranged from 0.523 to 0.967 with an average of 0.703,indicating that there is high genetic diversity among Desmodium germplasms.All 46 Desmodium genotypes were differentiated successfully by the ACGM markers and the majority of genotypes by EST-SSR markers.An UPGMA dendrogram constructed from genetic similarity coefficients,and all of the accessions were divided into 9 groups,a few of which conflicted with the results of morphological classification.This research indicated that the molecular markers based on encoding sequences of Gramineae and Fabaceae can be used to study the genetic diversity of Desmodium germplasms,which offers a good basis to investigate the genetic relationship and diversity of other wild germplasms.