冬小麦矮秆突变系“原冬96”遗传分析

辐射育成的矮秆突变系"原冬96"与5个高秆品种杂交。采用势能比法测定 F_1矮秆性状的显性程度。F_2代根据2个组合 P_1、P_2及其 F_2株高分布估算矮秆基因对数;对5个组合的 P_1、P_2及其 F_2株高、每株穗数、每穗粒数、穗粒重和单株粒重进行通径分析。F_3代估算2个组合株高、株粒数、株粒重的遗传力。结果表明:"原冬96"的矮秆性状受两对以上等位基因控制,呈现不完全隐性,遗传力较高,遗传行为比较简单,以其作亲本的杂种后代不因株高降低而产量下降,是一个综合性状优良的矮秆亲本。

HEREDITARY ANALYSIS ON DWARF MUTANT"YUANDONG 96"OF WINTER WHEAT

Dwarf mutant"Yuandong 96"was crossed with five tall varieteis,re- specctively.Degree of dominance of dwarf character was estimated in F_1 generation.In F_2 generations,according to the data of distribution of plant height of P_1,P_2 and F_2 of two crosses,the number of dwarf genes was estimated.The path coefficient analysis on plant yield,plant height,num- ber of spikes per plant,number of grains per spike and grain weight per spike of five crosses was carried out.Heritability of plant height,number of grains per plant and grain weight per plant of two crosses was estimat- ed in F_3 generations.The results showed that:Dwarf character of"Yuand- ong 96"was controlled by more than 2 allelic genes,which expressed incom- plete recessiveness.Heritablity of dwarf charatter was higher and it's hereditary behavious was rather simple.The plant yield of hybrid offsp- ring,when"Yuandong 96"was used as parent,didn't decrease along with reducing the plant height.Therefore,"Yuandong 96"is a good dwarf parent with outstanding characters in cross-breeding in wheat.