玉米秸秆还田形态对棕壤性土土壤肥力及烤烟产量品质的影响

为探究不同形态秸秆还田对棕壤性土植烟土壤肥力的影响效应，以不施秸秆为对照（CK），设置玉米秸秆粉碎1 cm(FS1)、粉碎5 cm(FS5)、粉碎10 cm(FS10)和秸秆粉末1 mm(FM)4种形态的秸秆还田试验，表征0～20 cm土层土壤物理性质、养分状况以及土壤酶活性，并综合评价土壤肥力质量以及烤烟产质量。两年试验结果表明，（1）与CK相比，秸秆还田处理均能改善土壤物理性状，可降低土壤容重2.88%～10.99%，提高田间持水量5.96%～34.02%，降低土层平均穿透阻力19.17%～25.87%，以FS5处理的降低或提升效果最显著（P<0.05）;(2)不同形态秸秆还田对土壤碳氮的提升具有差异，FS5和FM处理能较CK显著增加土壤总有机碳含量74.08%和44.84%(P<0.05),FS1、FS5和FS10处理分别显著增加微生物量碳含量80.79%、125.31%和70.39%(P<0.05)，以FS5处理增加量最高，同时能分别提升土壤全氮、碳氮比和硝态氮含量34.40%、20.22%和749.06%(P<0.05);(3)与CK相比，不同形态秸秆...

Effects of maize straw return morphology on soil fertility and flue-cured tobacco yield and quality

In order to explore the effects of different forms of straw return on soil fertility of brown loam tobaccoplanting， an experiment was conducted tocharacterize the soil physical properties，nutrient status and soil enzyme activities of 0-20 cmsoillayer，and comprehensively evaluate the soil fertility quality and flue -cured tobacco yield and quality. Four forms of maize straw returning weresetup，including straw crushing 1cm(FS1)，straw crushing 5cm(FS5)，straw crushing 10 cm (FS10)and straw powder 1mm(FM)，and the no straw application treatment was used asthecontrol(CK). The results of the two-year testshowedthat:(1)Compared with CK，straw return treatment could improvesoil physical properties，reduce soil bulk density by2.88%-10.99%，increase field waterholding capacity by5.96%-34.02%，reduce the averagepenetration resistance of soil layer by19.17%-25.87%，and the effect of FS5 treatment was the mostsignificant( P<0.05).(2)Different straw return forms differed in the enhancement of soil carbon and nitrogen. FS5 and FM treatments significantly increased soil total organic carbon content by 74.08% and 44.84% compared toCK( P<0.05)，FS1，FS5 and FS10 treatments significantly increased the microbial biomass carbon contentby80.79%，125.31% and70.39%( P<0.05)，respectively，with the highest increase in FS5treatment，which could also increase soil totalnitrogen，carbon to nitrogen ratio and nitrate nitrogen contentby34.40%，20.22% and749.06%( P<0.05)，respectively.(3)Compared withCK， different straw return forms significantly increased soil sucrase and cellulase activities by 52.40%-222.39% and 6.19%-26.88%(P<0.05)，respectively，with the highest increase of FS5treatment.(4)The results of soil fertility evaluation showed that FS5 treatment had the highest overall qualityscore(0.72)and could be used as an effective straw form to improvesoil fertility of brown loamy plantedtobacco，wheresoil nitratenitrogen，soil microbial biomass carbon and cellulase were the key factorsaffecting soil fertility.(5)FS1 and FS5 treatments could increase post-baking tobacco yield by 8.46%-23.34%. Inconclusion，different straw return forms could improve the physicochemical properties and enzyme activities ofbrown loam tobacco soil in the shortterm，among which the effect of straw crushing 5 cm wasbetter，which could achieve rapid improvement of soil comprehensive fertility.