油茶果采摘机冲击组件的设计与仿真

【目的】设计冲击式油茶果采摘机及冲击组件，采用数值模拟方法研究油茶果采摘过程，为油茶果采摘设备的研发提供依据。【方法】测量油茶果和花苞的物理特征参数，利用Creo软件对冲击式油茶果采摘机进行整机及冲击组件设计，通过Abaqus软件分别建立油茶果-果柄-果枝和花苞-花枝动力学模型，以油茶果和花苞的应力与形变量作为试验指标，仿真分析有套筒和无套筒冲击组件在机械采摘过程中对油茶果和花苞损伤的影响。【结果】在采摘作业中，有套筒和无套筒冲击组件使油茶果脱落的最大临界转速分别为399和372 r/min，最大应力分别为36.87和51.34 MPa，最大形变量分别为0.73和1.04 mm；花苞所受最大应力分别为0.86和1.34 MPa，最大形变量分别为0.86和1.74 mm。增设套筒的冲击组件使油茶果最大应力与最大形变量分别减少了28.2%和29.8%，使花苞最大应力与最大形变量分别减少了35.8%和50.6%。【结论】所设计的冲击式油茶果采摘机可有效降低油茶果和花苞损伤。

Design and simulation of impact component for Camellia oleifera fruit picking machine

【Objective】This study designed an impact type Camellia oleifera fruit picking machine and impact component and used numerical simulation methods to study the process of Camellia oleifera fruit picking to provide basis for the development of Camellia oleifera fruit picking equipment.【Method】The physical characteristic parameters of Camellia oleifera fruit and bud were measured and the Creo software was used to design the entire machine and impact component of the impact type Camellia oleifera fruit picking machine.The dynamic models of Camellia oleifera fruit-stem-branch and bud-branch were also established by using Abaqus software.Using the stress and deformation variables of Camellia oleifera fruit and bud as indicators,the effects of impact components with and without sleeves on Camellia oleifera fruit and bud damage during mechanical picking were simulated and analyzed.【Result】The impact components with and without sleeves had maximum critical speeds of 399 and 372 r/min,maximum stress of 36.87 and 51.34 MPa,and maximum deformation of 0.73 and 1.04 mm for Camellia oleifera fruit detachment during picking operations.The maximum stresses on buds were 0.86 and 1.34 MPa,and the maximum deformation amounts were 0.86 and 1.74 mm,respectively.The addition of sleeve reduced the maximum stress and deformation of Camellia oleifera fruit by 28.2% and 29.8%,and reduced the maximum stress and deformation of buds by 35.8% and 50.6%,respectively.【Conclusion】The designed impact type Camellia oleifera fruit picking machine effectively reduced damage to Camellia oleifera fruits and buds.