包装顶空气氛和相对湿度对葡萄常温货架期和品质的影响

为分析气调透湿袋和多效抗菌纸对葡萄在常温下的保鲜效果，在室温条件(26℃和相对湿度(RH)70%)下使用PE保鲜袋(PE袋)、自制的透湿性薄膜袋(A袋)以及A袋内加入自制的乙烯吸附复合抗菌纸(A-P)3种被动气调(MA)保鲜方案，并研究包装顶空气氛、顶空相对湿度以及乙烯吸附纸对‘巨峰’葡萄采后贮藏品质的影响。结果表明：A-P组建立的气调气氛(11.5%CO₂、14.5%O₂和RH78%)下‘巨峰’葡萄的果梗褐变率、落粒率和霉变率均最低，可滴定酸含量和可溶性固形物含量水平较高；A袋的顶空气氛(9.17%O₂、25.4%CO₂)抑制葡萄的褐变及霉变较为理想，但是由于相对湿度较高导致落粒；PE袋中较高O₂(18.5%)和较低CO₂(2.2%)，特别是高湿度(RH 99%)环境导致葡萄大量霉变与褐变，货架期仅3 d，裸放的CK组3 d时产生大量褐变，失去商业价值。综上，自制抗菌纸与透湿性薄膜的组合有利于葡萄的常温贮藏，延长货架期。A-P包装为葡萄的常温保鲜提供了新...

Effects of Packaging Headspace Atmosphere and Relative Humidity on Shelf Life and Qualities of Grapes at Room Temperature

In order to analyze the effects of air-conditioned moisture permeable bags and multi-functional antimicrobial paper on the preservation of grapes at room temperature, three passive modified atmosphere (MA) packaging solutions were used at room temperature (26 ℃ and 70% relative humidity) including PE freshness bags (PE bags), selfmade moisture permeable bags (A bags), and self-made ethylene adsorption composite antimicrobial paper addition to A bags (A-P). Then the effects of headspace atmosphere, headspace relative humidity and ethylene adsorption paper on the postharvest storage qualities of‘Jufeng’grapes were investigated. The results showed that the A-P group presented the lowest browning rate of fruit stalks, grain falling rate and mildew rate, and higher titratable acidity and total soluble solid content under the controlled atmosphere (11.5% CO2, 14.5% O2 and RH 78%). Headspace atmosphere of A bags (9.17% O2, 25.4% CO2) was ideal to inhibit the browning and mildew of grapes, but high humidity induced that the grain fell. The higher O2 (18.5%) and lower CO2 (2.2%) contents in PE bags, especially the high humidity (RH 99%) led to large amounts of mildew and browning. The shelf life of PE bags was only 3 days, and the bare CK group also produced a large amount of browning after 3 days, which lost the commercial value. In conclusion, the combination of self-made antibacterial paper and moisture permeable film would be beneficial to the storage of grapes at room temperature and prolong the shelf life. A-P packaging could provide a new solution for the room temperature preservation of grapes.