农村生活污水原污水、再生水灌溉对林地植物生长及土壤理化性质的影响

为研究农村生活污水原污水和再生水灌溉对林地植物生长和土壤质量的影响，选择优良的速生树种，以107杨、2001杨、2025杨、苏柳172、苏柳799、中科1号构树、中科2号构树、中科3号构树8种人工林为研究对象，分别灌溉农村生活污水原污水、再生水和地下水，统计分析土壤中物理性质（容重、土壤孔隙度、土壤含水量）和化学性质（有机质、全氮、全磷、速效钾、pH值、氯离子、交换性钠）等理化性质变化规律。结果表明，再生水灌溉下土壤容重最小，孔隙度最大，含水量最高。土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、氯离子、交换性钠含量原污水最高，再生水次之，地下水最低；土壤速效钾含量原污水最高，地下水次之，再生水最低。林木生长量、土壤有机质含量杨树最高；土壤的全氮、速效钾、氯离子含量构树最高；交换性钠含量柳树最高；各处理下土壤pH值均为弱碱性。再生水灌溉下杨树、柳树、构树长势和土壤质量改善效果明显，可作为优良树种在农业污水处理“生物生态”组合上推广应用。

Effect of Untreated and Recycled Wastewater Irrigation from Rural Areas on Forest Plant Growth and Soil Physicochemical Properties

To investigate the effects of untreated and recycled sewage irrigation on plant growth and soil quality in rural areas, excellent fast-growing tree species were selected as subjects. Eight types of artificial forests include: Populus × euramericana cv. ’74/76’, Populus × euramericana cv. ’2001’, P. deltoides ‘Lux(I-69/55)’ × P. deltoides ‘Shanhaiguan’, Salix × jiangsuensis ‘J172’, Salix × jiangsuensis ‘J799’, Hybrid Broussonetiapa pyrifera ’Zhongke1’, Hybrid Broussonetiapa pyrifera ’Zhongke2’, Hybrid Broussonetiapa pyrifera ’Zhongke3’. The rural domestic sewage, reclaimed water, and groundwater were irrigated separately, and changes in the physical properties of soil (bulk density, soil porosity, water content) and chemical properties (organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available potassium, pH value, chloride ion, exchangeable sodium) were statistically analyzed. The results indicated that soil bulk density was minimized, porosity was improved, and water content was highest under irrigation with treated wastewater. The original sewage had the highest levels of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, chloride ions, and exchangeable sodium content, followed by reclaimed water and groundwater. The original sewage also had the highest levels of soil available potassium, followed by groundwater and reclaimed water. Among the three tree species tested, poplars exhibited the highest growth and soil organic matter content. Fir trees had the highest content of total nitrogen, available potassium, and chloride ions in the soil, while willows had the highest exchangeable sodium content. The soil pH was weakly alkaline in all treatments. Under reclaimed water irrigation, significant improvements in growth and soil quality were observed in poplar, willow, and fir trees, making them ideal choices for promoting and applying the "biological ecological" combination in agricultural wastewater treatment.