Participatory agroforestry development for restoring degraded sloping land in DPR Korea |
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Authors: | Jianchu Xu Meine van Noordwijk Jun He Kwang-Ju Kim Ryong-Song Jo Kon-Gyu Pak Un-Hui Kye Jong-Sik Kim Kwon-Mu Kim Yong-Nam Sim Je-Un Pak Ki-Ung Song Yong-Song Jong Kwang-Chol Kim Chol-Jun Pang Myong-Hyok Ho |
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Institution: | 1. World Agroforestry Centre, Kunming, China 2. World Agroforestry Centre, Bogor, Indonesia 3. Project Management and Consulting Service, Ministry of Land and Environmental Protection, Pyongyang, DPR Korea 11. Central Forestry Designing and Technical Institute, Pyongyang, DPR Korea 4. North Hwanghae Provincial Forest Management Board, Sariwon, DPR Korea 5. Institute of Economic Forest Plantation, Academy of Forestry Sciences, Pyongyang, DPR Korea 6. Wonsan University of Agriculture, Wonsan, DPR Korea 7. Sariwon Kye Ung Sang University of Agriculture, Sariwon, DPR Korea 8. Life Science College, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, DPR Korea 9. Institute of Geography, National Academy of Sciences, Pyongyang, DPR Korea 10. Institute of Land Use Planning, Ministry of Land and Environmental Protection, Pyongyang, DRP Korea
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Abstract: | Participatory approaches in agroforestry combine land, labor, and knowledge, by blending local experience with external expert support for sloping land restoration. We describe and analyze over a decade of bottom-up agroforestry development processes that today are influencing national policies. In the 1990s, after economic upheaval following the collapse of trade with the USSR (Soviet Union) rapid conversion of sloping lands to agriculture, in association with heavy rainfall events, caused widespread erosion and landslides. In response, pilot scale ??user groups?? obtained rights-to-use, rights-to-harvest and rights-to-plan or access to sloping lands for tree products and food. All three rights were novel in the DPR Korea and jointly contributed to success, together with active research support. Innovations in double-cropping annual food crops together with non-competitive contour strips of valuable fruits (aronia berry: Aronia melanocarpa) and/or high-value timber (larch: Larix leptolepis) emerged as preferred local agroforestry systems. Broad support for agroforestry practices has now emerged within the Ministry of Land and Environmental Protection as well as a number of universities and research centres. Further development will require increased engagement with agricultural and horticultural agencies, while the social dimensions of participatory agroforestry continue to provide rich learning. |
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