基因型与环境对小麦品质性状的影响

研究了 10 4个小麦品种 (系 )的 14个品质性状在 4种生态环境条件下的表现。结果表明 ,所有性状基因型间的差异达到极显著水平 ,13个性状的年份差异、10个性状的地点差异、6个性状的基因型×年份互作差异及 3个性状的基因型×地点互作差异均达到极显著或显著水平。除蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量的基因型变异小于环境变异外 ,其余 12个品质性状的基因型变异均大于环境变异 ,拉伸阻力受环境影响较小 ;气候因素较土壤条件对小麦品质的影响大。小麦灌浆期间相对较高的温度有利于蛋白质 (面筋 )数量的增加 ,而不利于蛋白质质量 (面筋强度 )的提高 ,反之 ,则有利于蛋白质质量的提高 ,而不利于蛋白质数量的增加

Effects of genotype and environment on quality characters of wheat varieties

This experiment was conducted to investigate the performance of fourteen quality characters of one hundred and four wheat varieties and lines at four ecological sites The results showed that the variances of genotypes were significant(P<0 01) in all quality characters The variances of years in thirteen quality characters, sites in ten quality characters, genotypes × years in six quality characters and genotypes × sites in three quality characters were significant(P<0 01 or P<0 05) For protein content and wetgluten content, the variation of genotype was less than that of environment, but for other twelve characters, it was opposite, and the effect of environment was less important in terms of extension resistance The effect of climate was larger than that of soil condition on wheat quality characters The relative high temperature was benefit to increase the protein quantity(glute)during the filling stage, but unhelpful to increase the protein quality (gluten strengthen)