蕾期调亏灌溉对海岛棉棉铃发育及产量的影响

以新海24号、新海35号为材料,设置滴灌定额0 m3·hm-2(重度调亏,土壤含水量10%左右)、900 m3·hm-2(轻度调亏,土壤含水量16%左右)、1800 m3·hm-2(丰水,土壤含水量20%左右)3个处理,研究蕾期调亏灌溉对海岛棉棉铃发育及产量的影响。结果表明:0 m3·hm-2处理的铃直径、铃体积分别在花后10 d内、20 d内快速增大,铃重在花后30 d内增长速度较快;但铃直径、铃体积在开花后30 d,铃重在开花后50~60 d,均较900 m3·hm-2和1800 m3·hm-2处理显著下降。900 m3·hm-2处理的铃直径、铃体积及铃重均与1800 m3·hm-2处理无明显差异。皮棉产量以900 m3·hm-2处理最高,平均为2372.92 kg·hm-2,比1800 m3·hm-2和0 m3·hm-2分别高10.97%和41.78%。因此,海岛棉蕾期滴灌定额以900 m3·hm-2较为适宜。

Regulated Deficit Irrigation and Boll Development and Yield in Island Cotton

To determine the effects of regulated deficit irrigation on boll development and yield in island cotton at the budding stage, two varieties (Xinhai24 and Xinhai35) were grown under three drip irrigation quota levels: 0 m³·hm^－2(severe deficit irrigation, soil moisture content approximately 10%), 900 m³·hm^－2(light deficit irrigation, soil moisture content approximately 16%), and 1800 m³·hm^－2(abundant water, soil moisture content approximately 20%). With 0 m³·hm^－2, the rapidly expanding boll diameter stage occurred within 10 days after flowering, the rapid expansion stage of boll volume occurred within 20 days after flowering, and weight increased faster within 30 days after flowering. However, boll diameter and volume after 30 days of flowering, and boll weight at 50-60 days after flowering, were lowest for 0 m³·hm^－2. There were no significant differences in boll diameter, volume, or weight between 900 m³·hm^－2 and 1800 m³·hm^－2. Lint yield was highest for 900 m³·hm^－2 and averaged 2372.92 kg·hm^－2; this was higher by 10.97% and 41.78% for 1800 m3·hm－2 and 0 m³·hm^－2, respectively. We conclude that a drip irrigation quota of 900 m³·hm^－2 is appropriate at the budding stage for island cotton.