不同氮磷钾肥料处理对苦荞籽粒充实度及产量的影响

以苦荞品种威苦1号为试验材料，研究不同肥料处理对其植株性状、淀粉含量、充实度及产量的影响。结果表明，氮肥和磷肥中度，钾肥偏高时，苦荞主茎分枝数最多；不施磷肥，氮肥和钾肥中度时，主茎节数最多；氮肥偏轻，磷肥和钾肥中度时，株高最高、千粒重最大；氮磷钾肥均中度时，单株粒数最多、最重；不施肥时，苦荞总淀粉含量最高；不施氮肥，磷钾肥中度时，直链淀粉含量最高；磷肥中度、氮钾肥偏轻时，支链淀粉含量最高；氮磷肥中度，不施钾肥时，荞麦充实度最高；氮钾肥中度、磷肥偏高时，荞麦产量最高。苦荞充实度与总淀粉、产量，产量与总淀粉间均存在极显著（P<001）的正相关关系。

Effects of different NPK treatments on the yield and plumpness of tartary buckwheat

In order to study the influence of different fertilizer combinations on the starch content, plumpness and yield of buckwhear, tartary buckwheat cv. Wenku No.1 was adopted in the present study. It was shown that the number of main stem branch were the highest with normal nitrogen and phosphate application and higher potassium. With normal nitrogen and potassium application and no phosphate, the number of nodes on main stem was the highest. With less nitrogen, normal phosphate and potassium application, plant height was the highest and the thousand seed weight was the heaviest. With normal nitrogen, potassium application and phosphate, the number of grains per plant was the highest and grains were the heaviest. The total starch content was the highest when no fertilizer was applied. With no nitrogen, normal potassium and phosphorus, the content of amylase was the highest. With normal phosphate, less nitrogen and potassium, the amylopectin content was the highest. The plumpness of buckwheat was the highest with no potassium and normal nitrogen and phosphorus. The yield was the highest with normal nitrogen and potassium and higher phosphorus. There was significant positive correlation between the plumpness with yield and total starch of buckwheat.