四川盆地土壤与柑桔营养特性的研究

四川盆地土壤类型复杂,对柑桔的生长发育差异大。与Embleton标准比较,各柑桔园普遍缺少锌、硼、钼三营养元素,但更新世黄壤与石灰性紫色土有差异,前者锌、硼营养优于后音,钼营养则相反。如以更新世黄壤柑桔叶片元素含量为标准,则石灰性紫色土各柑桔园存在锌、铁、锰、镁、氮等元素营养不良问题,与该类土壤柑桔生长缓慢,树体瘦弱,常发生黄叶花叶等缺素症状等状况相符合。柑桔体内11种元素以镁素对其它元素的影响为最广泛、最重要,其次是氮素。铁、镁、钼三素含量在土壤有效量与柑桔叶片含量间存在密切的相关性。土壤中锌、钼、铁、锰四元素对柑桔体内其它元素相助或拮抗的数量较多,在4个以上,显示这些元素在土壤与柑桔营养之间的重要性。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CITRUS NUTRITION IN THE SOIL OF SICHUAN BASIN

Because there are elifferent kinds of soils, the growing and development of the citrus there are greatly different. Compared with the Embletor's criteria, the contents of such elements as Zn, B, Mo, in various citrus fields are not sufficient. But there is a difference between yellow soil and calcium purple soil, Zn, B nutrition conditions of the former are prior to the latter, Mo is on the contrary. As compared to the contents of the elements of the citrus leaves in pleistocene yellow soil problems of lacking of Zn, Fe, Mn, Mg, N etc. exist in calcium purple soil of various citrus fields, which causes the citrus grow slowly, weak citrus plants appear. The diseases of element such as yellow and floral leaves, frequently take place. Among the eleven elements in citrus plants, the impacts of Mg are the most intensive and important ones. Nitrogen is next to it. The contents of Fe, Mn, Mo in soil are closely related to those in citrus leaves. The number of the elements in citrus plant impacted (mutual aid and interference) by Zn, Mo, Fe, Mn in soil is above four shows the four elements place impartant notes in citrus nutrition.