湿地松与洪都拉斯加勒比松的杂交效果分析

利用种植于广东省台山市的1块9年生杂种松测定林的生长数据,分析了湿地松与洪都拉斯加勒比松杂种家系(PEE×PCH)、湿地松全同胞家系(PEE×PEE)和自由授粉家系(PEE(op))的生长量差异,估算了杂交亲本的一般配合力(GCA)、一般杂交力(GHA)和亲本间的特殊杂交力(SHA),探讨了GCA与GHA、GHA和SHA与杂种子代生长表现的相关关系.结果表明:类型间生长量存在极显著差异,从大到小的排列顺序为PEE×PCH＞PEE×PEE＞PEE(op)＞CK,杂种家系的平均材积比CK大221.36%;根据生长性状选择出国产的优良杂种家系15个,其树高、胸径、材积、每公顷蓄积量分别为10.96～12.57 m、17.42～21.25 cm、0.156 2～0.236 7 m3、141.75～233.82 m3,相对于CK的材积现实增益为216.19%～379.15%;选择出GHA效应大、可靠性高的杂交亲本4个,可用于大量制种;湿地松无性系树高性状的GCA与树高、胸径、材积性状的GHA存在极显著的正相关关系;PEE×PCH杂种家系的生长表现与其亲本的GHA密切相关,尤其与双亲的GHA之和的相关系数最大,达到0.891 8以上.

Hybridizing Effect Analysis between Pinus elliottii var.elliottii and Pinus caribaea var.hondurensis

One test plot was established in 1996 in Taishan,Guangdong,which included 24 crosses between 5 clones of Pinus caribaea var.hondurensis(PCH) and 11 clones of Pinus elliottii var.elliottii(PEE),8 PEE full-sib families and 9 PEE open-pollinated families,2 PEE×PCH seedlots from Australia,as well as one checklot from primary slash pine seed orchard in Taishan,Guangdong.All trees in the test were measured at the age of 9 for height and diameter at breast height(dbh).Individual volume was calculated by height and dbh.It was found the PEE×PCH hybrids produced great heteosis,the real average gain was 221.36% for volume.The order of growth increment between groups was PEE×PCH>PEE×PEE>PEE(op.)>CK.Fifteen hybrid families were selected in the test for their better growth performance.Their increment were from 10.96 m to 12.57 m,17.42 cm to 21.25 cm,0.156 2 m3 to 0.236 7 m3,141.75 m3 to 233.82 m3 for height,dbh,volume and volume per hectare,respectively.Their gains were from 216.19% to 379.15% for volume,compared to CK.Four hybrid parents which had more reliable and greater GHA values were selected;they were able to be used in massive hybridization.Significant positive correlation existed between the general combining ability(GCA) of height and general hybridizing ability(GHA) of height,dbh and volume,among clones of PEE.The growth performance of the PEE×PCH families was related closely with the GHA of their parents,especially with the sum of GHA of parents,the correlation coefficients were above 0.891 8.