有机肥替代化肥对桃产量、品质及土壤肥力的影响

根据临沂市目前桃园化肥使用情况，探究有机肥替代部分化肥对桃园土壤养分含量、树体营养水平及果实品质产量的影响，以期为减少化肥使用，改善桃园土壤环境，提升桃果实质量提供理论依据。试验在6树龄的桃园进行，设置40%、70%和100%3个梯度有机肥替代量，与完全施用化肥做比较，进行田间试验，对桃产量、品质及土壤肥力的影响进行测定。结果显示，6龄左右桃园施用40%有机肥替代量比较适宜，对桃树营养生长发育促进最为明显，对果实品质提升最为显著，产量也表现最高，比只施用化肥增产5961.0 kg/hm²，增产率为17.6%，比只施用有机肥增产7105.5 kg/hm²，增产率为21.0%。在临沂市桃生产中，推荐40%有机肥替代量常规复合肥进行推广应用。

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Replacing Chemical Fertilizer on Peach Yield and Quality and Soil Fertility

According to current status of chemical fertilizer application in peach orchards in Linyi, this paper explores the impact of organic fertilizer replacing part of chemical fertilizer on soil nutrient content, tree nutrient level, fruit quality and yield in peach orchards, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the use of chemical fertilizer, and improving soil environment in peach orchards and peach fruit quality. A field experiment was carried out in 6-year-old peach orchards. Three gradients of organic fertilizer replacing amount of 40%, 70% and 100% were set to determine the effects of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer on peach yield, quality and soil fertility compared with the whole application of chemical fertilizers. The results showed that in peach production, the organic fertilizer replacing amount of 40% in peach orchards about 6-year-old was more appropriate, which could promote the vegetative growth and development of peach trees most obviously and improve the fruit quality significantly, and the yield was also the highest. The yield increased by 5961.0 kg/hm² compared with that under the application of chemical fertilizer alone, with an increase rate of 17.6%; and the yield increased by 7105.5 kg/hm² compared with that under the application of organic fertilizer alone, with an increase rate of 21.0%. Therefore, organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer by 40% is recommended for popularization in peach production in Linyi.