玉米大豆间作对大豆农艺、品质和产量性状的影响

为阐明玉米大豆间作模式下大豆品种的农艺性状、品质性状和产量性状的变化规律，选取7个大豆品种与玉米品种‘陕单650'进行间作种植，分析了间作和单作模式下大豆品种各性状的差异。结果表明：间作大豆的株高、结荚高度和主茎节数比单作大豆高，但单株荚数和结荚密度比单作大豆低，间作大豆的生育期比单作大豆长；间作大豆的粗脂肪和蛋白质比单作大豆高，间作大豆的饱和脂肪酸的含量比单作大豆降低，而亚油酸和亚麻酸含量比单作大豆高；间作大豆的单株粒重、单株粒数、每荚粒数比单作大豆低，百粒重在不同的品种间变化规律不一致，7个大豆品种在间作模式下的产量比单作模式平均低49.88%。通过各性状的分析，为我们在不同的区域筛选合适大豆品种进行玉米大豆复合种植提供了有力支持。

Effects of Maize and Soybean Intercropping on Agronomic,Quality and Yield Traits of Soybean

In order to expound the changing rules of agronomic traits, quality traits and yield traits of soybean varieties under maize and soybean intercropping mode, 7 soybean varieties and maize variety 'Shandan 650' were selected for intercropping, and the differences of various traits of soybean varieties under the intercropping and the monocropping modes were analyzed. The results showed that the plant height, pod height and nodes on main stem of intercropping soybeans were higher than that of monocropping soybeans, but the pod number per plant and pod density of intercropping soybeans were lower than that of monocropping soybeans, and the growth period of intercropping soybeans were longer than that of monocropping soybeans; the crude fat and protein of intercropping soybeans were higher than that of monocropping soybeans, the content of saturated fatty acid of intercropping soybeans were lower than that of monocropping soybeans, but the content of linoleic acid and linolenic acid of intercropping soybeans were higher than that of monocropping soybeans; the grain weight per plant, number of grains per plant and number of grains per pod of intercropping soybeans were lower than that of monocropping soybeans. The changing rules of 100-grain weight were not consistent among different varieties. The average yield of 7 soybean varieties under intercropping mode was 49.88% lower than that under monocropping mode. Through the analysis of various traits, it provided strong support for us to select suitable soybean varieties in different regions for maize and soybean compound planting.