秦岭巴山区域耕地土壤pH分布特征及其影响因素

为探讨秦岭巴山耕地土壤pH分布特征，以陕西省汉中市为研究区域，结合地统计学和GIS方法，研究了该地区耕层土壤pH分布规律及其影响因素。结果表明：区域土壤pH 4.15~8.41，平均值为6.50，整体土壤为弱酸性到中性；空间分布上表现为中部低，东部和西部高的特征；地统计分析结果表明，研究区耕层土壤pH变异函数的最优理论模型为指数模型，块金效应值为0.366，说明区域化变量的空间异质性是由随机因素和结构因素共同作用的结果，其中土壤类型、耕作制度、成土母质和海拔为主要影响因素。该研究为合理利用耕地和农业可持续发展提供了坚实的理论基础。

Distribution Characteristics of Soil pH in Cultivated Land in Qinling-Bashan Area and Its Influencing Factors

To explore the distribution characteristics of soil pH of cultivated land in Qinling-Bashan area, this study took Hanzhong City in Shaanxi Province as the research area, and analyzed the distribution law of soil pH in cultivated layer and its influencing factors by geostatistical and GIS methods. The results showed that the regional soil pH was between 4.15 to 8.41, with an average value of 6.50, and the overall soil was weakly acidic to neutral. The spatial distribution of soil pH showed the characteristics of low in the middle and high in the east and west. The distribution of soil pH in this area was affected by both structural factors and human factors. The results of geostatistical analysis showed that the optimal theoretical model of the soil pH variation was the exponential model, and the nugget effect value was 0.366, which indicated that the spatial heterogeneity of regional variables was the result of the joint action of random factors and structural factors, among which the soil type, farming system, soil parent material and altitude were the main influencing factors. This study could provide a theoretical basis for rational utilization of cultivated land and sustainable agricultural development.