杂交稻组合节水抗旱性鉴定评价综合指标构建

为了简化杂交稻组合节水抗旱性的综合评价技术体系从而便于育种应用，以6个杂交稻组合进行梯度量化控水试验，通过观察记载和常规考种获得了产量等相关农艺性状数据。利用产量及其结构性状、播抽天数和收获指数等5个初级性状指标，在基于各性状抗旱指数作图和面积算法的基础上，构建了5个多梯度多性状复合抗旱指标：产量及其结构指标(Y-PFK)、产量与抽穗延迟效应指标(Y-HDD)、产量与收获指数指标(Y-HI)、节水抗旱性综合指标1(CI1)和综合指标2(CI2)，对各试验组合的5个指标进行计算和作图分析，结果表明指标CI1、CI2、Y-PFK对试验组合的节水抗旱性综合评价效果好，且与田间实际经验观察结果一致；对6个试验组合的节水抗旱性综合评价排序为：‘旱两优8号'>（‘雅优旱禾'>‘旱优737'）>（‘旱优73'>‘荃优116'>‘荃9优86'）。研究结果证明，本研究构建的多梯度多性状复合抗旱指标Y-PFK、CI1、CI2适用于水稻节水抗旱性的综合评价，是利用常规考种数据对杂交稻组合节水抗旱性综合评价和排序的简化指标，可以在节水抗旱稻育种上进行应用。

Study on the Construction of a Comprehensive Index Identification and Evaluation of Water Saving and Drought Resistance of Hybrid Rice Combinations

A gradient quantitative water control experiment was conducted with six hybrid rice combinations to simplify the technical system of the comprehensive evaluation of water conservation and drought resistance of hybrid rice combinations and their application in breeding. Observation records and traditional seed testing methods were employed to obtain yield data and other agronomic parameters. Based on the mapping and area algorithm of drought resistance index of each trait, five composite indexes of drought resistance involving multi gradient and multi traits were constructed by using five primary trait indexes, including yield and its component traits, sowing to heading days and harvest index. The five composite indexes were Y-PFK (the index of yield and its component), Y-HDD (the index of yield and the delayed effect of heading date), Y-HI (the index of yield and harvest index), CI1 (the comprehensive index 1) and CI2 (the comprehensive index 2). Each combination's five composite indexes were computed, and their mapping was analyzed. The results have shown that CI1, CI2, Y-PFK positively impacted the tested combinations' comprehensive evaluation of water conservation and drought resistance and were consistent with the actual field experience observation. The comprehensive evaluation of water conservation and drought resistance of the six hybrid rice combinations were as follows: ‘Hanliangyou 8' > (‘Yayou Hanhe' > ‘Hanyou 737') > (‘Hanyou 73' > ‘Quanyou 116' > ‘Quan 9you 86'). The research findings demonstrate that the multi-gradient and multi-traits composite indexes of drought resistance, Y-PFK, CI1 and CI2, are appropriate for comprehensively evaluating rice's water conservation and drought resistance. These are simplified indicators for the comprehensive assessment and sequencing of water conservation and drought resistance of hybrid rice combinations by only using conventional seed testing data. These composite indexes can be applied to rice breeding for water conservation and drought resistance.