甘薯茎腐病田间症状识别与快速镜检诊断研究

为寻找一种适应基层植物检疫站应用的甘薯茎腐病产地检疫方法，以有效控制其传播与蔓延。通过多年田间发病全程观察及对甘薯茎腐病306份茎部和270份其他部位样本的显微镜检查并与传统和分子生物学方法比较和验证。研究表明甘薯茎腐病症状识别加显微镜喷菌现象观察能准确区分甘薯细菌性茎腐病与其他病原引起的甘薯茎基部腐烂病。明确了甘薯茎腐病初发病期的茎基水渍状斑始现时是镜检最佳和最有效时期，茎部是显微镜镜检的最佳部位。初期甘薯茎腐病症状识别加显微镜镜检喷菌现象的方法与传统和分子生物学方法匹配的准确率在98%～100%。这一方法不但准确、快速、简便、直观，而且适于国内基层植检站应用。

Diagnosis of Bacterial Stem and Root Rot of Sweet Potato and Rapid Inspection of the Causal Pathogen by Microscope

To find out an inspection method suitable for primary plant quarantine station in origin area of bacterial stem and root rot of sweet potato caused by Dickeya dadantii, so that the disease can be effectively managed by limited dissemination and spread. The experiments were conducted by several years of field survey of the symptoms development and microscopic observation for the bacterial streaming of 306 stems and 270 other parts samples, and the results were compared and confirmed by traditional and molecular methods. The results showed that the symptom discriminating and microscopic observation for the bacterial streaming can accurately differentiate bacterial stem and root rot disease of sweet potato from other diseases caused by other pathogens. It was the best and effective time for microscopic observation of the bacterial streaming when the water-soaking symptom appeared at base of sweet potato plant in initial stage of the disease. Stem of sweet potato plant was the best position for microscopic observation of the bacterial streaming. The accuracy of initial symptom discriminating and microscopic observation for the bacterial streaming of the disease was more than 98% matched with traditional and molecular tests. It is an accurate, rapid, simple, visible, and suitable inspection method of bacterial stem and root rot disease of sweet potato for extension in primary plant quarantine stations in our country.