观赏植物类胡萝卜素多样性及调控花色研究进展

文章列举了自然界中常见的类胡萝卜素的种类、结构与颜色，并着眼于类胡萝卜素为主要色素成分的观赏植物，分析了不同观赏植物物种、同一物种不同颜色品种之间花瓣中类胡萝卜素在成分与含量上的差异，讨论了花色差异与类胡萝卜素组分之间的关系，从中找到一定规律。笔者进一步从基因水平上分析了观赏植物类胡萝卜素生物合成途径相关基因及转录因子的上调或下调表达对花色的影响，总结了通过基因工程调控类胡萝卜素的合成与分解代谢从而改变观赏植物花色的实际案例，为将来利用分子生物学技术准确、定向地改变植物花色、培育较高观赏价值的花卉品种提供了思路。

Diversity and Color Regulation of Carotenoids Composition in Ornamental Plants

In this review, we listed the types, structures and colors of common carotenoids in nature, and focused on the ornamental plants with carotenoids as the main pigment components. The differences in composition and content of carotenoids in petals of different ornamental plant species and different color varieties were illustrated with examples, and the relationship between flower color and carotenoid components were discussed. Moreover, the effect of genes expression level related to carotenoid biosynthesis pathway on flower color were analyzed, and the cases that changing flower color by regulating the synthesis and degradation of carotenoids through genetic engineering were reviewed. Overall, we provided ideas of regulating carotenoid components and contents to accurately and directionally change plant flower colors to obtain new flower varieties with high ornamental value.