桂产钩吻不同部位11种生物碱含量的检测分析

目的 检测桂产钩吻的根、茎、叶和花中11种生物碱的含量,分析该植株有效成分在各个部位的分布情况。方法 采集广西梧州地区钩吻的四个部位：根、茎、叶和花,通过液质联用法检测钩吻各部分中钩吻素甲、钩吻素子、钩吻素戊、(Z)-阿枯米定碱、钩吻素己、钩吻绿碱、N-甲氧基无水老刺木碱二醇、常绿钩吻碱、胡蔓藤碱丁、兰金断肠草碱和胡蔓藤碱乙的含量。结果 四个部位钩吻生物碱含量从高到低依次顺序是根＞叶＞花＞茎；从根的钩吻生物碱含量来看,11种生物碱的检出量从高到低依次顺序为钩吻素甲＞钩吻素子＞钩吻绿碱＞钩吻素己＞胡蔓藤碱丁＞胡蔓藤碱乙＞(Z)-阿枯米定碱＞钩吻素戊＞N-甲氧基无水老刺木碱二醇＞兰金断肠草碱＞常绿钩吻碱。结论 钩吻的根部的钩吻生物碱含量最高,是获取钩吻生物碱的最佳提取部位；根部含量较高的生物碱钩吻素甲、钩吻素子和钩吻素己可能是主要的药理和毒性活性成分。

Detection and Analysis of the Contents of 11 Alkaloids in Different Parts of Gelsemium elegans Benth.

Objective To detect the contents of 11 alkaloids in roots, stems, leaves and flowers of Gelsemium elegans Benth. from Guangxi, and to analyze the distributions of these active contents in the parts of this plant. Methods The roots, stems, leaves and flowers of Gelsemium elegans Benth. were collected in Wuzhou, Guangxi. The contents of gelsemine, koumine, koumidine, 19-(Z)-Akuammidine, gelsenicine, gelsevirine, N-Methoxyanhydrovobasinediol, humantenine, humantenirine, rankinidine and sempervirine from these parts of the plant were detected and analyzed by HPLC/MS. Results The sequence of alkaloid contents in these parts of Gelsemium elegans Benth. is root > leaf > flower > stem. According to the Gelsemium root, the sequence of 11 alkaloid contents is gelsemine > koumine > gelsevirine > gelsenicine > humantenirine > humantenine > 19-(Z)-Akuammidine > koumidine > N-Methoxyanhydrovobasinediol > rankinidine > sempervirine. Conclusions The root of Gelsemium elegans Benth. contains highest contents of alkaloids, which indicates that the Gelsemium root is the most ideal part of alkaloid extraction. The gelsemine, koumine and gelsenicine, the alkaloids with high contents in Gelsemium root might be the main active ingredients for pharmacology and toxicology.