黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡面果园的土壤水分特征分析

以黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡面果园为对象，通过测定阴坡、阳坡、半阴半阳坡坡面果园不同部位土壤的储水量，分析果园土壤水分空间、时间变异性，以及土壤水分亏缺程度。结果表明,坡面果园0200 cm土壤水分贮量为314.7 mm，低于坡地28.8%；土壤储水量受降水的影响呈现年际波动，同时土壤储水量波动具有明显滞后性。年内土壤水分可划分3个阶段，秋冬季土壤水分缓慢累积阶段，春末夏初土壤水分强烈消耗阶段，夏季土壤水分波动变化阶段。坡向、坡位不同，土壤水分变异很大，土壤水分贮量受降水等因素影响，在每年49月份土壤水分贮量低于适宜田间持水量。西北林学院学报21卷第5期王 健等黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡面果园的土壤水分特征分析

Analysis on Soil Moisture Character of Dry Orchard on Hilly and Gully Regions on the Loess Plateau

Soil water characters are often complex,this paper presents a new framework on the soil water condition,also the traditional analysis method is practiced to illustrate the temporal & spatial variation and the wane degree of different oriental orchard slope of the hill gully region of the Loess Plateau.The 0~200 cm depth water reserve of the orchard grade surface is 314.7 mm.28.8% lower than the sloping field.The soil moisture storage capacity affected by precipitation assumes an annual fluctuation and this fluctuation presents an obvious hysteretic nature.The soil moisture content,had a wider variation with the difference of the aspect and slope location,provides us different stages in a year: a slow accumulation in autumn and winter,an intense consumption in early summer and late spring.Soil moisture content is also affected by kinds of factors such as precipitation,and it is lower than the suitable field moisture capacity from Apr.to Sept.every year.