表油菜素内酯和胆甾内酯对葡萄座果和成熟的影响

在葡萄始花前１周及始花期施用０．０１～１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ的表油菜素内酯和胆甾内酯后，果柄离区内纤维素酶活性下降；落花、落果率降低；果实提早成熟；果实内的可溶性固形物和总含糖量及游离氨基酸含量均比对照明显增加．

EFFECTS OF TREATMENTS WITH EPIBRASSINOLIDE AND CHOLOLIC LACTONE ON THE FRUIT-SET AND RIPENING IN SOME GRAPE CULTIVATION

Grape is a favorite fruit,but fruit abscission is one or the key problems in the production.Our data showed that epibrassinolide (epiBR) and chololic lactone (Y6) had great effects on its fruit-set,especially on that of Kyoho table grapes. EpiBR and Y6 (0.01-1.0 mg / L) were sprayed on flowers at grape flowering stage in 0.01 % Tween-80 solution.After treatment,the shedding of flowers and young berries was reduced.The activity of cellulase in its peduncle abscission zone was also lower than that of the control.We also found that the soluble carbohydrates in the third---the fifth leaves were decreased during the maturing period. As a result the maturity of the grape treated with these steroids was earlier than that of the control.The qualities of the fruit treated with epiBR and Y6 were analyzed. As an important criterion,TSS/acid ratio and solid / acid of the grapes were increased. Total free amino acids were almost twice those of control, especially glutamate and arginine were markedly enhanced.So the practical use of epiBR and Y6 on grapes will be of a great economic benefit.