6种水生植物在人工湿地中特性的比较

目的]比较6种水生植物在人工湿地中的特性,为选出耐低温、脱除有机质好的优势品种提供依据。方法]用黄菖蒲、水莎草、香蒲等6种水生植物构建垂直流人工湿地,比较其在秋季处理城市污水的效果。结果]黄菖蒲湿地CODcr去除效果最好,去除率为60.73%,大红草去除效果最差,去除率为33.72%;黄菖蒲、水莎草和芦苇对TN去除效果相似,达30%以上;对照试验除P率达65.46%,植物湿地对TP去除率比对照试验仅提高4.78%～11.06%。结论]植物在人工湿地中对COD的去除效果较明显;填料对P的吸附是湿地除P的主要因素,而植物除P效果不明显;黄菖蒲、芦苇及水莎草是低温环境中较佳的湿地植物。

Characteristic Comparison of Six Aquatic Plants in Constructed Wetlands

Objective] The aim was to compare the characteristic of six aquatic plants in constructed wetlands,and provide basis for choosing dominant varieties which have low temperature tolerance and have good removing organic matter ability.Method] The effect of simulated vertical-flow constructed wetlands constituted by yellow irises,water sedges,cattails and other six kinds of aquatic plants on municipal domestic sewerage purification in autumn was studied.Result] The removal rate of COD in the yellow irises wetland in best and is 60.73%,but the rate of red grasses was worst and only 33.72%.The removal rates of TN in the yellow irises,water sedges and reeds wetlands were similar,over 30%.Compared with the control test,the removal rates of TP absorbed by plants only increased 4.78%-11.06%.Conclusion] Plants play an role in the removal of COD in the constructed wetlands.The removal effect of TP absorbed by coal ash fillers is a major factor,and not obvious by the plants.The yellow irises,reeds and water sedges are best for planned in the wetlands in a low-temperature environment.