错位布置深松铲距对土壤扰动和耕作阻力的影响

铲距是深松机的关键布置参数,对深松耕作阻力和土壤扰动效果会产生重要影响。为此,借助田间试验的方法,通过分析错位布置深松铲在不同横向和纵向铲距作业下土壤坑形宽度、土壤垄型高度、土壤扰动面积、耕作阻力及比阻等的差异,研究不同布置铲距对土壤扰动和耕作阻力的影响。试验结果表明:前铲的土壤扰动作用大于后铲,前铲的土壤垄型高度和坑形宽度大于后铲;横向与纵向铲距较小时,土壤易堆积且双铲的土壤扰动作用会发生部分抵消;铲距较大时,双铲协同作用较小且力矩较大;二者均导致土壤的坑形宽度变小,垄形高度和耕作阻力变大,降低耕作效果;当横向铲距和纵向铲距布置分别为35cm和30cm时,垄形高度最低、比阻最小,土壤扰动及耕作阻力的综合效果较好。本研究可为深松铲的优化布局提供一定的参考依据。

Influence of Spacing of Displaced Subsoiler on Soil Disturbance and Tillage Resistance

The tine space is a key layout parameter of subsoiler,which has a significant impact on tillage resistance and soil disturbance.In order to study the impact of different space on soil disturbance and tillage resistance,field trials were used to analyze the difference in soil pit width,soil ridge height,soil disturbance area,tillage resistance,specific resistance,etc.,under subsoiler operations with different horizontal and vertical pitch arrangements.The soil ridge height and the pit width of the front shovel are larger than the backhoe,which indicates that the front shovel has greater disturbance than the back.If the transverse and longitudinal space of shovel is too small,the soil accumulate and the disturbances in the soil between the two shovels offset partially.When the shovel pitch is too large,the common disturbance between the two shovels is reduced and the torque increases.Both reduce the width of pits,increase the height of ridges and the resistance to cultivation,and reduce the effect of farming,resulting poor farming results.The specific resistance of the tillage was the smallest when the lateral and longitudinal spade pitches were 35 cm and 30 cm,respectively.So as to provide a certain reference for the optimal layout of subsoiler.