4SD-1700型悬挂式三七收获机设计与试验

针对西南地区中草药三七人工收获难度大及无机械收获等问题,设计了一种以36.75k W东方红拖拉机为动力的悬挂式三七药材收获机,主要由机架、挖掘铲及升运筛等组成。利用解析作图法及受力分析法对挖掘铲进行分析,确定挖掘铲的挖掘倾角为15°,铲长为350mm;对升运筛设定线速度为0.7~0.9m/s进行理论分析,得出振动频率为1.9~2.4Hz。以挖掘深度、升运速度、筛面倾角及前进速度为影响因素,以收净率、损伤率为评价指标,进行田间试验,对影响收获性能的参数进行分析,获得最优参数组合为:当挖掘深度为148mm、升运速度0.8m/s、筛面倾角15°、前进速度0.5m/s时,收净率为95.22%,损伤率为1.6%。样机收获试验表明:该机性能流畅,作业稳定,损伤率小于4.7%,收净率大于92.5%,满足设计要求。

Design and Test of the 4SD-1700 Model Suspension Type Panax notoginseng Harvester

In view of the problem that in the southwest region, the Chinese herbal medicine Panax notoginseng has a large harvest difficulty and it has no machinery for its harvest, this article designs a suspension type Panax notoginseng harvester with 36.75kW Dongfanghong tractor providing the driving force. This machine mainly consists of rack, digger blade, elevating and conveying sifter and dithering-wheel, etc. By utilizing the analytical graphic method and the stress analytical method, the analysis on the digger blade is conducted and the mining dip angle between the compound of soil and Panax notoginseng and the combined digger blade is 15° with the spade length being 350mm;while conducting the theoretical analysis on the elevating and conveying sifter, its vibrational frequency is 1.9~2.4Hz when the linear velocity is 0.7~0.9m/s;a field test is conducted regarding digging depth, elevating velocity, leaning angle of screen and forward velocity as influence factors and harvest clean rate and damage rate as evaluation indicators and the analysis on parameters which may affect harvest performance is conducted so as to obtain the relevant optimized parameter combination. When the digging depth being 148mm, elevating and conveying velocity being 0.8m/s, leaning angle of screen being 15°, forward velocity being 0.5m/s, the harvest clean rate is 95.22% while the damage rate is 1.6%. The Panax notoginseng harvester's prototype test indicates that this machine has a smooth performance, a stable operation, a Panax notoginseng harvesting loss rate below 4.7% and a harvest clean rate over 92.5%. Such results meet the design requirements. The Panax notoginseng could be smoothly put onto the ridge after the sieving process. This research provides a technical reference for the development of deep-root Chinese herbal medicine harvester.