武夷名丛茶树种质资源农艺性状多样性分析

为研究武夷山地方茶树种质资源的遗传多样性,并对其进行鉴定评价,对武夷山茶区41份武夷名丛茶树种质资源的21项农艺性状进行遗传多样性、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明,41份武夷名丛21个农艺性状间存在比较丰富的遗传变异性,遗传多样性指数在0.32～2.17之间,其中,遗传多样性指数最高的是叶宽,最低的是树型;变异系数在9.93%～47.62%之间,变异系数最大的是叶齿深度,最小的是叶脉对数;基于农艺性状进行聚类分析,将41份武夷名丛聚为3个类群,3个类群间除了叶片着生状态、叶长、叶脉对数等10个性状差异不显著外,其他农艺性状均存在显著差异;通过主成分分析,将21个农艺性状综合为8个主成分,代表了21个农艺性状的71.97%的信息;根据主成分及其对应特征根值计算各武夷名丛的综合得分,排在前4位的武夷名丛为金锁匙、半天妖、水金龟和金罗汉,可在乌龙茶产品的开发与创新利用、茶树优良品种的选育等方面加以利用。

Diversity Analysis of Agronomic Traits of Wuyi Mingcong Tea Plant Germplasm Resources

In order to study the genetic diversity of local tea plant germplasm resources in Wuyishan and conduct identification and evaluation on them, this paper analyzed the genetic diversity, principal components and carried out clustering analysis on 21 major agronomic traits of 41 Wuyi Mingcong tea plant germplasm resources from Wuyishan tea area. Results showed that there were abundant genetic variations among 21 agronomic traits of 41 Wuyi Mingcong, and the genetic diversity indexes ranged from 0.32~2.17. Among them the highest genetic diversity index was leaf width and the lowest was tree type. The variation coefficient ranged from 9.93%~47.62%. The largest variation coefficient was the depth of leaf serratur and the smallest was the number of vein pair. The clustering analysis was conducted based on agronomic traits, and the 41 Wuyi Mingcong tea germplasms were divided into 3 groups. Among these 3 groups, there were significant differences in the other genetic traits, except 10 traits, including leaf attitude, leaf length, number of vein pair, etc.. Using principal component analysis, the paper synthesized 8 principal components from 21 agronomic traits, representing 71.97% information from 21 agronomic traits. Calculated the composite score of each Wuyi Mingcong accorded to the first 8 principal component values and their proportion of corresponding characteristic root value, the top 4 Wuyi Mingcong varieties were Jinsuoshi, Bantianyao, Shuijingui and Jinluohan which could be put to use in exploitation and innovative utilization of Oolong tea products, and selective breeding of superior varieties of tea plants.