挖拔式木薯收获机挖深液压控制装置的设计与试验

针对挖拔式木薯收获机在收获过程中带有一定倾角的挖掘铲有朝着深度方向行进的趋势,增加了挖土量及挖掘负荷等问题,提出了基于液压控制系统调整挖深的设计思路。为此,研制了一种挖深液压控制装置,主要由地表仿形机构、挖掘铲液压调节机构、液压系统及PLC控制系统4部分组成;同时,对液压系统的负载特性进行系统分析计算,选取了合适的执行元器件,并在此基础上进行土槽实验。结果表明:地表仿形机构,最大误差8.9%,平均误差3.5%;掘铲液压控制系统的响应时间为1.7s,1s内完成对挖出铲的角度与深度自动调节,测试效果能够满足精准挖深控制要求。

Design and Experiment of Hydraulic Control System for Digging Depth Device of Cassava Harvester with Type of Digging and Lifting

For problems of increasing the amount of soil and the load of excavation, which were resulted by the cassava harvester at the process of harvesting, the program, digging depth was controlled by hydraulic control system, was put forward. Hydraulic control system determined digging depth of the device. The device was consist of the mechanism adjusting for surface profiling, the mechanism adjusting excavating shovel with means of hydraulic control, the hydraulic system, and the PLC control system. The load characteristics of the hydraulic system are systematically analyzed and calculated, and suitable ones are selected. The results of soil domain test show that the adjusting mechanism for surface contouring has a maximum error of 8.9% and an average error of 3.5%. The response time of the hydraulic control system for extracting shovel is 1.7 s. The angle and depth of the excavating shovel are automatically adjusted within 1 s. The test results can meet requirements of precise control of digging depth.