不同磷水平下施加腐植酸对藜麦生理特性及产量的影响

通过不同施磷水平下配施腐植酸探究提高藜麦生长及产量的最佳施肥量,为藜麦优质栽培提供理论依据。利用盆栽试验,以"藜麦1号"为研究材料,研究对照(0 g/kg)、低磷(0.1 g/kg)、中磷(0.2 g/kg)、高磷(0.3 g/kg) 4个施磷水平下,施加腐植酸对藜麦根系生理指标及产量等的影响。结果表明,藜麦叶片叶绿素含量、根系抗氧化物酶活性及其产量均随施磷量的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,且均以中磷水平最佳。施加腐植酸可提高所有施磷水平下的藜麦叶绿素含量、根系活力、SOD酶活性、POD酶活性及其产量,籽粒产量和增产率均以低磷水平下施加腐植酸与中磷水平下施加腐植酸处理较高,其中籽粒产量分别比对照组提高88.42%和100.76%,但磷肥农学利用率及偏生产力以低磷水平施加腐植酸处理最佳。综合考虑,此条件下0.1g/kg的施磷水平添加腐植酸处理最适合藜麦生长,可以提高磷肥利用率和产量。

Influences of Humic Acid on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Quinoa Under Different Phosphorus Levels

The optimum amount of fertilizer applied to improve the growth and yield of quinoa was explored by applying humic acid at different levels of phosphorus application, which provided the theoretical basis for high-quality cultivation of quinoa. This paper took “Quinoa 1” as experiment material in pot and studied the effects of humic acid on roots physiological indexes and yields of quinoa under different phosphorus levels including control (0 g/kg), low phosphorus (0.1 g/kg), medium phosphorus (0.2 g/kg) and high phosphorus (0.3 g/kg). The results showed that the chlorophyll content, the antioxidant enzyme activity and the yield of quinoa under different phosphorus levels increased first and then decreased with the increasing of phosphorus application, all of which were the best at medium phosphorus level. Applying of humic acid at different phosphorus levels could increase chlorophyll content, root activity, SOD enzyme activity, POD enzyme activity and yield of quinoa. Grain yield and growth rate were higher when applying humic acid under low phosphorus and applying humic acid under medium phosphorus than those under control group, among which grain yield was increased by 88.42% and 100.76% respectively. However, the best agronomic utilization rate and partial productivity of phosphorus fertilizer was attributed after apply humic acid under low phosphorus level. In sum, applying humic acid under low phosphorus level was the most suitable for quinoa growth and could increase its yield and utilization ratio of phosphate fertilizer.