黄曲霉毒素的脱毒研究进展

黄曲霉毒素是由真菌代谢产生的天然毒素,主要分为B族黄曲霉毒素、G族黄曲霉毒素及M族黄曲霉毒素。黄曲霉毒素对人类和动物具有较高的毒性、致畸性、诱变性和致癌性,其中黄曲霉毒素B_1的毒性最高,且黄曲霉毒素B_1和黄曲霉毒素M_1被国际癌症研究机构列为一级致癌物。因此,黄曲霉毒素的脱毒越来越受到国内外的广泛关注。主要对国内外黄曲霉毒素的物理脱毒方法、化学脱毒方法及生物脱毒方法进行综述,重点对生物脱毒方法的种类、脱毒机理和降解产物的毒性进行了评述,并提出研究展望。

Research Progress on Aflatoxin Detoxification

Aflatoxin is natural toxin produced by fungi. It can be mainly classified as aflatoxin B, aflatoxin G, and aflatoxin M. To mankind and livestock, aflatoxins have high toxicity, teratogenicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity. Compared to other aflatoxins, aflatoxin B1 is the most toxic. Aflatoxin B1 and aflatoxin M1 have been classified as Group 1 (established carcinogens to human) by International Agency for Research on Cancer. Therefore, how to detoxify aflatoxins has won increasing attention at home and abroad. This paper mainly expounded the physical methods, chemical methods, and biological methods for aflatoxin detoxification at home and abroad, laying emphasis on reviewing the varieties of biological methods for aflatoxin detoxification, detoxification mechanisms, and toxicity of degradation products. Before ending, the paper also prospected the future for research activities in this field.