玉米骨干自交系对S型细胞质雄性不育系的育性恢复特点及基因分析

采用田间观察和室内显微镜观察、统计分析等方法 ,对具有玉米S型不育系细胞质的同质异核F1 组合、回交世代等 2 0个玉米群体植株的育性性状 (花药外露 ,花药开裂 ,花粉散出、花粉I2 -KI可染性等 )及与育性相关性状进行系统观察分析。结果表明 :玉米材料保持不育性与恢复育性的表现具有多样性 ,育性表现不一致是细胞核基因组差异引起的。统计分析表明 ,玉米S型不育系恢复育性的基因是由 1对主效基因和多个微效基因控制的 ,由于具有恢复育性功能的基因在不同的自交系中的组合方式不同 ,其植株育性表型具有明显的差异

The Characteristic of Fertility Restoration of S Type CMS with Basic Maize Inbred Lines

In the field test 20 maize genotype lines as father line were used to across with Mo17 cms-S to generate 20 populations. Fertility of them were investigated adopting field and microscope observation and statistics analysis.The results show that there is much diversity of fertility on the emerge of anther, open of anther and ratio of starch-filled pollen among 20 populations, which was controlled by their nucleus genome.The starch-filled pollen ratios from different populations of F 1 and BC 1 generations were mainly controlled by one major gene, while modified by minor genes by χ 2 test, and there is significantly difference between generations of crosses by F-test. The fertility of S type CMS maize lines is controlled by the interaction of the cytoplasm mitochondria and nuclear genome, including main effective gene of restore of fertility Rf 3 and other minor genes.The interaction of major and minor gene and function of minor genes control the phenotype of maize lines to restore fertility of CMS-type maize lines.