柠檬马鞭草在不同生长期精油含有率及组分变化的研究

本实验是为摸索柠檬马鞭草在上海地区的生长规律及不同生长时期精油含有率和成分的变化，以找到最佳收获时间和收获器官而设计此方案。测定了株高变化，用水蒸汽蒸馏装置提取精油，用气相色谱仪(GC)和气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析了不同时期精油含有率与成分的变化，对比不同器官(叶和茎)、不同部位和不同采样时间的精油含有率的差异。实验结果表明：柠檬马鞭草四月到六月株高增长速度较快，其精油主要成分为柠檬醛、柠檬烯和姜黄烯，在整个生长季节中六月中旬精油含有率达到最高，一天中精油含有率在中午12：00时达到最高，叶片精油含有率高于茎，枝条上部鲜叶精油含有率要高于下部。

Study on the Content and Composition of Essential Oil in Different Period of Growth in Lippia Citriodora

The purpose of the study was to research the growth and change in the content and constituents of essential oil of lemon verbena in different period in Shanghai and to discover the best harvest time and organ. The height of plant was measured every 15 days. The essential oil of the lemon verbena was obtained by steam distillation in different period of growth and analyzed by GC and GC MS. The changes of the contents and constituents of essential oil were studied in a day, in different organs (leaf and stem) and parts of plant. The results show that the major constituents of essential oil are citral,limonene and curcumene. The best harvest time is at noon in the middle of June. There is more essential in the leaf than in the stem. The essential oil mainly consists in the upside of fresh leaves.