寿县小麦“3414”田间肥效研究

[目的]为小麦生产科学施肥提供依据。[方法]依据寿县"3414"小麦肥效试验结果,由函数法、地力差减法和养分校正法综合得出寿县小麦的氮、磷、钾最佳施肥量。[结果]在当前寿县小麦生产中,氮肥是影响产量的主要因素,钾肥次之,磷肥的影响较小。氮、磷、钾肥的平均利用率分别为52.65%、25.15%、27.28%,平均土壤养分校正系数分别为0.89、2.37、0.70。根据试验结果建立了养分指标体系:低、中、高肥力时,氮的常规法测定值分别为51.21、77.89、93.46 mg/kg,磷的测定值分别为6.15、13.73、26.73 mg/kg,钾的测定值分别为41.81、122.82、171.07 mg/kg。[结论]结合寿县实际,黄白土田推荐氮、磷、钾施肥量分别为217.5、82.5、180.0 kg/hm2,黄淤土田推荐氮、磷施肥量分别为240.0、90.0 kg/hm2,不施钾肥。

Study on the Field Experiment on the "3414" Fertilizer Efficiency Test of Wheat in Shouxian County

[Objective] The research aimed to provide the basis for scientific fertilization in wheat production.[Method] According to the results of "3414" fertilizer efficiency test of wheat in Shouxian county,the optimum fertilization quantity of N,P and K for wheat in Shouxian county were comprehensively obtained by function method,dissimilar subtraction method of soil fertility and nutrient correction method.[Result] In current wheat production in Shouxian county,N fertilizer was main factor that affected the yield,followed by K fertilizer and the effects of P fertilizer were smaller.The average utilization rate of N,P and K fertilizers were 52.65%,25.15% and 27.28% resp.and the correction coefficients of the average soil nutrient were 0.89,2.37 and 0.70 resp.The nutrient index system was established according to the test results.Under low,middle and high fertility,the determined value of N by the conventional method were 51.21,77.89 and 93.46 mg/kg resp.,the determined value of P were 6.15,13.73 and 26.73 mg/kg resp.and that of K were 41.81,122.82 and 171.07 mg/kg.[Conclusion] Combining with the practical stations of Shouxian county,the recommended fertilization quantity of N,P and K in yellow white soil were 217.5,82.5 and 180.0 kg/hm2 resp.,the recommended fertilization quantity of N and P in yellow silting soil,without K fertilizer.