Effect of forest shape on habitat selection of birds in a plantation-dominant landscape across seasons: comparison between continuous and strip forests |
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Authors: | Shoji Naoe Shoko Sakai Takashi Masaki |
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Institution: | (1) Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Hirano 2-509-3, Otsu Shiga, 520-2113, Japan;(2) Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Motoyama 457-4, Kamigamo, Kita-ku, Kyoto 603-8047, Japan;(3) Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan |
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Abstract: | Conversion of natural forests to other land use results not only in a decrease of forest area but also in the degradation
of remnant forests as a habitat for forest animals. Although such degradation due to an increase of forest edges has been
studied most intensively, other factors such as forest shape may also contribute to the degradation. In this study, we compared
bird abundance and species richness between irregular-shaped and relatively continuous forests in the breeding and migratory
seasons. Since the forests were surrounded by tree plantations rather than open lands, the edge effect may have been weak
at the study site. Our results suggested that the irregular forest shape negatively affected forest bird abundance and species
richness in the breeding season, but not in the migratory season. The response of birds varied with bird traits: migrants
avoided the irregular-shaped forest, but residents did not. Among the residents, small ones preferred or tolerate the irregular-shaped
forest whereas large ones avoided it. This study indicates that careful consideration of various factors such as seasonality
and bird traits is needed to understand the consequences of land use changes on forest birds. |
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