上海市鸽球虫感染情况初步调查与种类鉴定

为了调查上海市鸽球虫的感染情况和种类,分别采集奉贤区肉鸽场和信鸽场的110份和44份粪便,以及南汇区肉鸽场的100份粪样,采用麦氏虫卵计数法对粪便球虫卵囊进行计数,收集阳性粪便中的卵囊,经孢子化后进行种类鉴定。结果显示,上海市鸽球虫的平均感染率为52.8%(134/254),平均每克粪便卵囊数(oocyst per gram,OPG)为50 159个,为中度感染。肉鸽感染率(55.2%)和平均OPG(52 110个)均高于信鸽(40.9%和37 583个),奉贤肉鸽感染率(60.9%)高于南汇(49.0%),但南汇肉鸽的OPG(88 634个)明显高于奉贤(25 400个)。从肉鸽阳性粪便中鉴定出5种球虫,即拉氏艾美耳球虫(Eimerialabbeana)、鸽艾美耳球虫(E.columbae)、原鸽艾美耳球虫(E.columbarum)、杜氏艾美耳球虫(E.duculai)以及卡氏艾美耳球虫(E.kapotei),拉氏艾美耳球虫为优势种。在信鸽阳性粪便中鉴定出4种球虫,即拉氏艾美耳球虫、杜氏艾美耳球虫、鸽艾美耳球虫以及原鸽艾美耳球虫,原鸽艾美耳球虫为优势种。本次调查表明上海市肉鸽和信鸽的球虫感染率和粪便OPG均偏高,调查结果为及时做好鸽球虫病的防治提供了基础数据。

PREVALENCE AND SPECIES IDENTIFICATION OF EIMERIA INFECTION IN PIGEONS IN SHANGHAI

To investigate the prevalence of pigeon coccidia in Shanghai,210 fresh fecal samples of meat pigeons and 44 samples of carrier pigeons were collected from the Fengxian and Nanhui District in Shanghai in May 2010.Oocyst per gram(OPG) were gained using the McMaster’s methods,and then 250 sporulated oocysts were identified to the species level on the basis of morphological features.The results showed the average prevalence of pigeon coccidia in Shanghai was 52.8%(134/254),and the average OPG was 50 159.The prevalence of meat pigeons(55.2%) and the average OPG(52 110) were much higher than the carrier pigeons(40.9% and 37 583).There was a higher level of prevalence in Fengxian District(60.9%,67/110) than that in Nanhui District(49.0%,49/100).However,the average OPG of Nanhui District(88 634) was much higher than that of the Fengxian District(25 400).Eimeria labbeana,E.kapotei,E.duculai,E.columbae and E.columbarum were identified in the positive feces of meat pigeons,and E.labbeana was the most prevalent species.E.labbeana,E.duculai,E.columbae and E.columbarum were identified in carrier pigeons,and E.columbarum was the most prevalent species.These results would provide basic information for the development of control strategies against coccidiosis in pigeons.